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1、名词解释Renaissance:TheRenaissanceindicatesarevivalofclassical(GreekandRoman)artsandsciencesinEuropebeginninginthe14thcenturyandextendingtothe17thcentury,markingthetransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.Sonnet:Afourteen-linelyricpoem,usuallywritteninrhymediambicpentameterand
2、most often in one of the two rhyme schemes: the Italian(or Petrarchan) or Shakespearean ( or English ).Asonnetisa14-linepoemwithaspecificrhymeschemeandmeter.Ithastwomainforms:theshakespeareansonnetandtheItaliansonnet.ShakespeareSonnet:alyricwiththreequatrainsandonecouplet,rh
3、ymingababcdcdefefgg,consistingof14lines,usuallyiniambicpentameterrestrictedtoadefinitionrhymescheme.AShakespeareansonnetconsistsoffourteenlineswritteniniambicpentameter,inwhichapatternofanunstressedsyllablefollowedbyastressedsyllableisrepeatedfivetimes.TherhymeschemeinaShake
4、speareansonnetisa-b-a-b,c-d-c-d,e-f-e-f,g-g;thelasttwolinesarearhymingcouplet.Enlightenment:themovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissanceofthe15thand16thcentries,aprogressiveintellectualmovement,reason(rationality),equality&science(the18thcentury)TheAgeofEnlightenment(alsocalle
5、dtheAgeofReason)referstothe18th_centuryEngland.TheEnlightenmentwasaprogressiveintellectualmovement.Itcelebratedreason(rationality),equality,scienceandhumanbeings’abilitytoperfectthemselvesandtheirsocietyanditaimedtoenlightenthewholeworldwiththelightofmodern,philosophicalanda
6、rtisticideas.Romanticism:itflourishedinliterature,philosophy,music,andartinWesterncultureduringmostifthenineteenthcentury,beginningasarevoltagainstclassicism.Init,emotionoverreason,spontaneousemotion,achangefromtheouterworldofsocialcivilizationtotheinnerworldofthehumanspirit
7、,poetryshouldbefreefromallrules,imagination,nature,commonplace.Dramaticmonologue:Akindofnarrativepoeminwhichonecharacterspeakstooneormorelistenerswhoserepliesarenotgiveninpoem.Theoccasionisacrucialoneinthespeaker’slife,andthedramaticmonologuerevealsthespeaker’spersonalityasw
8、ellastheincidentthatisthesubjectofthepoem.Aestheticism:Thebasictheoryofthea
