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时间:2020-04-05
《表语宾语的区别.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、表语很好找的,只要有系动词,跟在系动词后的就是表语,表示主语的特征,状态,身份,类属。主语、系词和表语构成“主系表”结构,其中系词和表语合起来构成谓语。充当表语的有名词,代词,数词,动名词,动词不定式,形容词,副词,现在分词,过去分词,介词短语或从句。例:Heisateacher.(teacher名)Itishers.(物主代词hers)Whoisshe?(人称代词Who)Twotimesthreeissix.(基数词six)Hewasthefirsttogetthere.(序数词thefirst)Sheisverykind.(形容词ve
2、rykind)Myfatherisout.(副词out)Hisjobistoteach.(不定式toteach)Talkingisnotdoing.(动名词doing)Hisspeechissurprising.(现在分词surprising)Iamsurprisedathisspeech.(过去分词surprised)JapanisintheeastofAsia.(介词短语intheeastofAsia)ThatiswhatIwanttosay.(从句whatIwanttosay)常见的系动词有:(表示身份,状态的)be,(表示变化的)
3、become,get,turn,grow,stay,(表示感觉的)smell,taste,feel,sound,seem,look,appear补语分为宾语补足语和主语补足语,用以补足主语或宾语的状态、动作、位置等。可以作补语的有:名词,不定式,现在分词,过去分词,形容词,副词,介词短语。常见的可以带宾补的动词及句型有callsb/sthsth.allow/ask/order/tell/teachsbtodosthsee/hear/make/have/watchsbdo/doingsthkeepsbdoingsth.keepsth.+形容
4、词findsb./sth.doing/介词短语例:WecallherLucy.(名词Lucy)Iallowhimtohavealook.(不定式tohavealook)Hekeptmewaitinghalfaday.(现在分词短语waitinghalfaday)Isawhimwounded.(过去分词wounded)Itdrovehermad.(形容词mad)Let'sshowhimout.(副词out)Theyfoundtheboyinthewell.(介词短语inthewell)在被动语态句子中,原主动语态中的宾语变成了主语,相应原来
5、的宾补也就变成了主补。例如:主动句:Theyfoundtheboyinthewell.(inthewell为宾补)被动句:Theboywasfoundinthewell.(inthewell为主补)
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