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1、麦类作物学报2011,31(4):666-671JournalofTriticeaeCrops陕西小麦籽粒硬度及其基因型分析*1121111张晶,张晓科,王可珍,梁强,付晓洁,冯毅,王瑞(1.西北农林科技大学农学院/国家小麦改良中心杨凌分中心,陕西杨凌712100;2.陕西省宝鸡市农业科学研究所,陕西岐山722400)摘要:籽粒硬度与小麦市场分级定价、磨粉品质和食品加工品质密切相关。为给小麦品种选育和品种推广提供参考依据,用单籽粒谷物硬度测试仪测定了169份陕西小麦品种(系)的籽粒硬度,并利用分子标记检测和基因序列分析确定了硬质麦的基因组成。硬度测定结果表明,陕西参试小麦品种(系)
2、存在硬质麦、混合麦和软质麦3种类型,分别为121、11和37份,依次占71.6%、6.5%和21.9%。陕西不同地区3种籽粒硬度类型所占比例明显不同。基因型分析结果表明,陕西硬质麦存在4种基因型,即Pina-D1b、Pinb-D1b、Pinb-D1d和Pinb-D1p,分别有14、97、2和8份材料,占硬质麦比例依次为11.6%、80.2%、1.6%和6.6%。总体而言,陕西小麦以硬质麦为主,硬质麦主要由Pinb-D1b基因型组成。关键词:小麦;籽粒硬度;基因型;分布中图分类号:S512.1;S331文献标识码:A文章编号:1009-1041(2011)04-0666-06Dist
3、ributionofGrainHardnessinShaanxiWheatsandPuroindolineGenotypesofHardWheats1121ZHANGJing,ZHANGXiao-ke,WANGKe-zhen,LIANGQiang,111FUXiao-jie,FENGYi,WANGRui(1.CollegeofAgronomy,NorthwestA&FUniversity/YanglingBranchofChinaNationalWheatImprovementCentre,Yangling,Shaanxi712100,China;2.InstituteofAgri
4、culturalSciencesofBaojiCity,Qishan,Shaanxi722400,China)Abstract:Kernelhardnessishighlycorrelatedwiththemarketingclassificationandprocessingqualityofwheat(TriticumaestivumL.).ItisveryimportanttoanalyzethedistributionofgrainhardnessandcompositionoftheirpuroindolinegenotypesinShaanxiwheatsforwhea
5、tbreedingandextensioninShaanxiprovince.Basedonthekernelhardnessof169Shaanxiwheatcultivarsandadvancedlinesu-singaSingleKernelCharacterizationSystem(SKCS)inthisstudy,molecularmarkersandgenese-quencingwereusedtounderstandpuroindolinegenotypesofhardwheatsidentifiedbySKCS.There-sultsusingtheSKCSmet
6、hodshowedthatthecultivarsandadvancedlinesexaminedwereclassifiedassoft(21.9%),mixed(6.5%)andhard(71.6%)types.Thereweredistinctdifferencesinthefre-quenciesofsoft,mixedandhardtypesamongthreediverseregionsofShaanxi.Theresultsusingmo-lecularmarkersandgenesequencingin121hardwheatsindicatedthat,fourm
7、utationtypeswereob-served.GenotypesPina-D1b,Pinb-D1b,Pinb-D1dandPinb-D1pwerefundin14,97,2and8mater-ials,respectively.ThepercentagesofgenotypesPina-D1b,Pinb-D1b,Pinb-D1dandPinb-D1pwere11.6%,80.2%,1.6%and6.6%inhardwheats,respectively.Thos
