【优化指导】（课标全国）高考英语总复习 课时作业18 北师大版.doc

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1、【优化指导】（课标全国）高考英语总复习课时作业18北师大版一、阅读理解A(2012湖北部分重点中学联考)Thegovernmentmaycontrolpriceswhenthereisaproblemsuchasrapidlyincreasingrentsorariseinthecostofliving.Whenthegovernmentcontrolsprices，thereisnolongeranormalrelationshipbetweenthepriceofaproductandthequantityconsumerswillbuy

2、.Governmentcontrolsmayhelpinanemergency.However，someeconomistsbelievethatcontrolscanhavenegativeeffectsoveralongperiodoftime.Incitieswithrentcontrol，thecitygovernmentsetsthemaximumrentthatalandlordcanchargeforanapartment.Supportersofrentcontrolarguethatitprotectspeoplewhoar

3、elivinginapartments.Theirrentcannotincrease；therefore，theyarenotindangeroflosingtheirhomes.However，thecriticssaythatafteralongtime，rentcontrolmayhavenegativeeffects.Landlordsknowthattheycannotincreasetheirprofits.Therefore，theyinvestinotherbusinesseswheretheycanincreasethei

4、rprofits.Theydonotinvestinnewbuildingswhichwouldalsoberentcontrolled.Asaresult，newapartmentsarenotbuilt.Manypeoplewhoneedapartmentscannotfindany.Accordingtothecritics，theendresultofrentcontrolisashortageofapartmentsinthecity.Sometheoristsarguethattheminimumwagelawcancausepr

5、oblemsinthesameway.Thefederalgovernmentsetstheminimumthatanemployermustpayworkers.Theminimumhelpspeoplewhogenerallylookforunskilled，lowpayingjobs.However，iftheminimumishigh，employersmayhirefewerworkers.Theywillreplaceworkerswithmachinery.Theprice，whichisthewagethatemployers

6、wantdecreases.Thus，criticsclaim，anincreaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment.Somepoorpeoplemayfindthemselveswithoutjobsinsteadofwithjobsattheminimumwage.Supportersoftheminimumwagesaythatithelpspeoplekeeptheirdignity.Becauseofthelaw，workerscannotselltheirservicesforlesstha

7、ntheminimum.Furthermore，employerscannotforceworkerstoacceptjobsatunfair7wages.Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisionssuchasdecisionsaboutfarmproduction，rentcontrol，andtheminimumwage.Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif“otherthingsareequal”．Economistsdonotagreeonsome

8、ofthepredictions.Theyalsodonotagreeonthevalueofdifferentdecisions.Someeconomistssu