2012届高考英语 实战演练专题阅读理解（16-20）.doc

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1、2012届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解（16-20）《附详析》(第16篇)Plantscan’tcommunicatebymovingormakingsounds,asmostanimalsdo.Instead,plantsproducevolatilecompounds，chemicalsthateasilychangefromaliquidtoagas.Aflower’ssweetsmell,forexample,comesfromvolatilecompoundsthattheplantproducestoattrac

2、tinsectssuchasbugsandbees.Plantscanalsodetectvolatilecompoundsproducedbyotherplants.Atreeunderattackbyhungryinsects,forinstance,maygiveoffvolatilecompoundsthatletothertreesknowabouttheattack.Inresponse,theothertreesmaysendoffchemicalstokeepthebugsaway—orevenchemica

3、lsthatattractthebugs’naturalenemies.Nowscientistshavecreatedaquickwaytounderstandwhatplantsaresaying:achemicalsensor(传感器)calledanelectronicnose.The“enose”cantellcompoundsthatcropplantsmakewhenthey’reattacked.Scientistssaytheenosecouldhelpquicklydetectwhetherplant

4、sarebeingeatenbyinsects.Buttodaytheonlywaytodetectsuchinsectsistovisuallyinspectindividualplants.Thisisachallengingtaskformanagersofgreenhouses，enclosedgardensthatcanhousethousandsofplants.Theresearchteamworkedwithanenosethatrecognizesvolatilecompounds.Insidethede

5、vice,13sensorschemicallyreactwithvolatilecompounds.Basedontheseinteractions,theenosegivesoffelectronicsignalsthatthescientistsanalyzeusingcomputersoftware.Totestthenose,theteampresenteditwithhealthyleavesfromcucumber,pepperandtomatoplants,allcommongreenhousecrops.

6、Thenthescientistscollectedsamplesofairarounddamagedleavesfromeachtypeofcrop.Theseplantshadbeendamagedbyinsects,orbyscientistswhomadeholesintheleaveswithaholepunch(打孔器)．Theenose,itturnsout,couldidentifyhealthycucumber，pepperandtomatoplantsbasedonthevolatilecompound

7、stheyproduce.Itcouldalsoidentifytomatoleavesthathadbeendamaged.Butevenmoreimpressive,thedevicecouldtellwhichtypeofdamage—byinsectsorwithaholepunch—hadbeendonetothetomatoleaves.11用心爱心专心Withsomefinetuning，adeviceliketheenosecouldonedaybeusedingreenhousestoquicklysp

8、otharmfulbugs,theresearcherssay.Adevicelikethiscouldalsobeusedtoidentifyfruitsthatareperfectlyripeandreadytopickandeat,saysNataliaDudareva,abioch