资源描述:
《2012届高考英语 实战演练专题阅读理解(16-20).doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、2012届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解(16-20)《附详析》(第16篇)Plantscan’tcommunicatebymovingormakingsounds,asmostanimalsdo.Instead,plantsproducevolatilecompounds,chemicalsthateasilychangefromaliquidtoagas.Aflower’ssweetsmell,forexample,comesfromvolatilecompoundsthattheplantproducestoattrac
2、tinsectssuchasbugsandbees.Plantscanalsodetectvolatilecompoundsproducedbyotherplants.Atreeunderattackbyhungryinsects,forinstance,maygiveoffvolatilecompoundsthatletothertreesknowabouttheattack.Inresponse,theothertreesmaysendoffchemicalstokeepthebugsaway—orevenchemica
3、lsthatattractthebugs’naturalenemies.Nowscientistshavecreatedaquickwaytounderstandwhatplantsaresaying:achemicalsensor(传感器)calledanelectronicnose.The“enose”cantellcompoundsthatcropplantsmakewhenthey’reattacked.Scientistssaytheenosecouldhelpquicklydetectwhetherplant
4、sarebeingeatenbyinsects.Buttodaytheonlywaytodetectsuchinsectsistovisuallyinspectindividualplants.Thisisachallengingtaskformanagersofgreenhouses,enclosedgardensthatcanhousethousandsofplants.Theresearchteamworkedwithanenosethatrecognizesvolatilecompounds.Insidethede
5、vice,13sensorschemicallyreactwithvolatilecompounds.Basedontheseinteractions,theenosegivesoffelectronicsignalsthatthescientistsanalyzeusingcomputersoftware.Totestthenose,theteampresenteditwithhealthyleavesfromcucumber,pepperandtomatoplants,allcommongreenhousecrops.
6、Thenthescientistscollectedsamplesofairarounddamagedleavesfromeachtypeofcrop.Theseplantshadbeendamagedbyinsects,orbyscientistswhomadeholesintheleaveswithaholepunch(打孔器).Theenose,itturnsout,couldidentifyhealthycucumber,pepperandtomatoplantsbasedonthevolatilecompound
7、stheyproduce.Itcouldalsoidentifytomatoleavesthathadbeendamaged.Butevenmoreimpressive,thedevicecouldtellwhichtypeofdamage—byinsectsorwithaholepunch—hadbeendonetothetomatoleaves.11用心爱心专心Withsomefinetuning,adeviceliketheenosecouldonedaybeusedingreenhousestoquicklysp
8、otharmfulbugs,theresearcherssay.Adevicelikethiscouldalsobeusedtoidentifyfruitsthatareperfectlyripeandreadytopickandeat,saysNataliaDudareva,abioch