AP美国历史复习材料.doc

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1、PRE・AMERICANPERIOD(Pre1600s)TheLandBridgetheory・holdsthataLandBridgeemergedlinkingAsia&NorthAmericaacrosswhatisnowknownastheBeringSea.Peopleweresaidtohavewalkedacrossthe"bridge"beforethesealevelroseandsealeditoff;thuspopulatingtheAmericas.TheLandBridgeissaidtohaveoccurredanestimated35,000

2、yearsago*Conclusion:TheFirstsettlersoftheAmericaswerefromSiberia.TRAINGLETRADE:Europewouldprovidethemarket,capital,technologyAfricawouldprovidethelabor(Slaves)PTTheNewWorldwouldprovidetherawmaterials&factories(gold,soil,lumber).TreatyLineofTordesillas1494:PortugalandSpainfeudedoverwhogotw

3、hatland.ThePopedrewthislineashewasrespectedbyboth.EARLYCOLONIALSETTLEMENTSJohnCalvin一BibleasthelonesourceofGod'swords.Separatists/Pilgrims-ofchurch&State.AllsoulscanjointhechurchRogerWilliams-Atheism(noreligiousbeliefs)Maryland-FreedomofReligion(Catholic)Puritans-Unsatisfiedwiththechanges

4、intheChurchofEngland.Onlyvisiblesaintcanbechurchmembers.Noabsolutepowerforclergymenandnopoliticalpositions.Protestant一BrokeawayfromtheRomanCatholicChurch.OnlyElitistscanbecomemembersoftheChurch.Clergymenwerepoliticians.BlackLegend-thenotionthatSpaniardsonlybroughtbadthings(murder,disease,

5、slavery);thoughtrue,theyalsobroughtgoodthingssuchaslawsystems,architecture,Christianity,language,civilization.VirginiaCharter-In1606,thecharteroftheVirginiaCompanyguaranteedsettlersthesamerightsasEnglishmeninBritainwhileallfuturesettlementswouldbelongtoEngland・MayflowerCompact一Ttwasthefir

6、stgoverningdocumentinthecolonieswhichwasdonebytheseparatists.Itdetailedtheformationofagovernmentruledbythepeopleforallnewsettlements.NewEnglandConfederation一Firstattempttouniteallthecoloniesin1643.Itwasthefirsttypecoloniesself-governancewhileEnglandwastoobusywithinternalconflicttogovernth

7、ecolonies.ThemainpurposeoftheconfederationwastoprotectagainstattacksfromIndians.AlsoanotherpurposeoftheEnglishalliancewastostandtogetherinoppositionagainsttheFrenchandDutch.1607・Jamestown,VirginiaThefinancialmeansforEngland^firstpermanentcolonizationinAmericawerepro