芸豆连作田土壤酶活性和养分含量研究-论文.pdf

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1、^CT●llORIGULTURAE华北农学报·2013，28(5)：157-162DORHLI-SIHICg}i_厶连作田土壤酶活性和养分含量研究马瑞瑞，高小丽，崔雯雯，杨秋歌，马淑蓉，高金锋，王鹏科，冯佰利(西北农林科技大学农学院，旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室，陕西杨凌712100)摘要：芸豆是一种经济价值颇高的杂粮作物，忌连作，但是由于目前我国可耕地面积日益减少，适宜芸豆种植的土地也不断减少，芸豆连作现象较为普遍，因此，研究芸豆连作对土壤环境的影响势在必行。本试验以小黑芸豆为供试材料，以轮作为对照，研究芸豆连作对耕层土壤

2、养分含量和土壤酶活性变化，结果表明：连作抑制了0—20cm耕层过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶的活性，降低了土壤有机质、氮、磷含量和有效性，并降低了土壤pH值，且土壤酶活性和土壤养分含量存在显著相关性(P<0．01)；连作对土壤过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶活性影响主要在开花期，对其他酶活性的影响在开花至结荚期。由于连作导致芸豆籽粒产量较轮作降低了29．4％，因此，芸豆生产上应尽量避免连作，进行轮作倒茬，以实现高产优质。关键词：芸豆；连作；土壤酶；土壤养分中图分类号：S529；S154．2文献标识码：A文章编号：lO00

3、—7091(2013)05—0157一O6ResearchonSoilNutrientandSoilEnzymeinKidneyBeanFieldwithContinuousCroppingMARui—rui，GAOXiao—li，CUIWen—wen，YANGQiu—ge，MAShu—rong，GAOJin—feng，WANGPeng—ke，FENGBai—li(CollegeofAgronomy，NorthwestA&FUniversity，StateKeyLaboratoryofCropStressBiologyforAr

4、idAreas，Yangling712100，China)Abstract：Kidneybean，asasensitivecropwithcontinuouscropping，isakindofgraincropswithhigheco—nomicvalue，butbecauseoftheshrinkingarablelandareainChina，suitableforkidneybeancultivatedlandisde·creasing，thephenomenonofkidneybeanmonocroppingisrel

5、ativelycommon，SO，itisimperativetostudytheeffectofcontinuouscroppingonsoilenvironmentinkidneybeanfield．Usingthelittleblackkidneybeansasthematerial，theexperimentstudysoilnutrientcontentsandsoilenzymeactivityundertheconditionofcontinuouscroppingcam—paringwithrotation．Th

6、eresearchshowsthatcontinuouscroppingrestrainedsoilenzymeactivitywhichincludingCatalaseactivity，A-phosphataseactivity，PPOactivity，UraseandInvertaseactivity，reducedthecontentofsoilor—ganicmatter，nitrogen，phosphorusandthemeffectivenessin0—20cmsoillayer，andbothofthemcorr

7、elationwassignificantextremely(P<0．01)，thesoilpHwasreducedatthesametime；ThesoilCatalaseandPPOactivitywasaffectedbycontinuouscroppinginthefloweringperiod，theotherswereaffectedbycontinuouscroppingfromflower—ingstageandpoddingstage．Comparedwithcroprotation．thekidneybean

8、grainyieldwasreducedby29．4％withcontinuouscropping．Keywords：Kidneybean；Continuouscropping；Soilenzyme；Soilnutrient芸豆(Phaseolusvulgari