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1、PalladiumonCarbonPd/C[7440-05-3] · Pd · PalladiumonCarbon · (MW106.42)(catalystforhydrogenationofalkenes,alkynes,ketones,nitriles,imines,azides,nitrogroups,benzenoidandheterocyclicaromatics;usedforhydrogenolysisofcyclopropanes,benzylderivatives,epoxides,hyd
2、razines,andhalides;usedtodehydrogenatearomaticsanddeformylatealdehydes)Solubility: insolallorganicsolventsandaqueousacidicmedia.FormSuppliedin: blackpowderorpelletscontaining0.5-30wt%ofPd(typically5wt%);canbeeitherdryormoist(50wt%ofH2O).AnalysisofReagentPur
3、ity: atomicabsorption.Handling,Storage,andPrecautions: canbestoredsafelyinaclosedcontainerunderairbutawayfromsolventsandpotentialpoisonssuchassulfur-andphosphorus-containingcompounds.Pyrophoricinthepresenceofsolvents.Generalprecautionsforhandlinghydrogenati
4、oncatalystsshouldbefollowed.ThecatalystmustbesuspendedintheorganicsolventunderanatmosphereofN2.Duringfiltrationthefiltercakemustnotbeallowedtogodry.Ifafilteraidisnecessary,acellulose-basedmaterialshouldbeusedifcatalystrecoveryisdesired.HydrogenationandHydro
5、genolysis:Carbon-CarbonBonds.TheuseofPd/Cfortheselectivereductionofalkynestoalkenesisgenerallynotsatisfactory,butafewexampleshavebeenreported.Forexample,thePd/C-catalyzedreductionof3,6-dimethyl-4-octyne-3,6-diolgavetheenediolin98%yieldafterabsorptionof1molo
6、fH2.1Furtherreductiongavethediolin99%yield.Pdonothersupports,suchasPd/CaCO3andPd/BaCO3,aremuchmoreeffectiveforthisconversion.Pd/Cisusuallyusedforthecompletesaturationofalkynesandalkenestotheircorrespondinghydrocarbons.2Insomeinstances,isomerizationofthedoub
7、lebondduringhydrogenationoccursbeforereduction,whichleadstounexpectedresults.Forexample,reductionofcar-3-enegavethecycloheptanewithPd/Cinsteadoftheexpectedcyclohexanederivative(eq1).3Isomerizationofadoublebondfromonepositiontoahydrogenationinaccessiblelocat
8、ionhasalsobeenobserved(eq2).4Nexttothereductionofnitrogroups,doubleandtriplebondsaregenerallythenexteasiestfunctionalgroupstoundergohydrogenation.Somelessreactivefunctionalgroupsincludeketones,5esters,
