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1、附录Ⅱ外文资料及翻译AutomobilechassisstructureThemodernautomobiles,asyouknow,evolvedfromthehorse-drawncarriagewhichwasgraduallyreplacedintheearlypartoflastcentury.Earlyautomobilesevenlookedlikecarriages.Astheautomobilemadeaplaceforitselfinourdailylives,italsobecomemoreandmoree
2、xpensivetopurchase,use,andmaintain.Automobileexpensesnowaccountforasubstantialportionofmostfamilybudgets.Infact,oneoutofeveryfourretailsalesdollarsgoesforanautomotive-relatedpurchase.Tomakethebestbuy,aconsumermustunderstandhowworkandwhatkindsofattentiontheyneedtostay
3、ingoodshape.Knowledgeoftheautomobileisequallyimportantforanyoneconsideringemploymentintheautomotiveindustry.Thischapterwillbeginthestudyoftheautomobilewithanexaminationofitsmajorcomponents-frame,body,engine,drivetrain,andchassis.ChassisThetermchassisdescribesallthepa
4、rtsoftheautomobileunderthebody.Thechassisformsthemainstructureofthemodernautomobile.Alargenumberofdesignsinpressed-steelframeformaskeletononwhichtheengine,wheels,axleassemblies,transmission,steeringmechanism,brakes,andsuspensionmembersaremounted.Duringthemanufacturin
5、gprocessthebodyisflexiblyboltedtothechassis.Themajorcomponentsofthebasicchassisaretheframe,engine,drivetrain,wheels,tires,steering,brakes,suspensionandsteering-everythingneededtodrivethecar.Inaddition,severalothersystemsaremountedtothechassisassembly.Thewheelsoftheau
6、tomobileareconnectedtotheframetbyasystemofsprings,shockabsorbers,andlinkagesthatmakeupthecar’ssuspensionsystem.Thesuspensionsystemabsorbsroadshocksasthevehicletravelsoverroughroadsandholdsthetireandwheelincorrectalignmentwiththecarandtheroad.Italsoallowsthetiresandwh
7、eelstomoveupanddownrelativetothebodyoverbumpsandchuckholes.Anotherimportantchassiscomponentisthesteeringsystem,whichallowsthedrivertocontrolthedirectionthecartravels.Thesteeringwheel,whichthedrivercontrols,isconnectedtoagearboxthatmultipliesthedriver’seffort.Thegearb
8、oxislinkedtothefrontwheelofthevehicle.Thelastmajorchassiscomponentisthebrakingsystemthefunction,thefunctionofwhichistoeitherreducet
