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1、Cloisonné2Briefintroduction2Development2Examples2Pictures3NewYearpictures4Briefintroduction4Development4ProductionMethod4Theme4Pictures5Papercutting6Briefintroduction6Development6Classification6Pictures6Embroidery8Briefintroduction8Origin8Materials8Machine8Pictures9Shadowplay10Briefintrodu
2、ction10Development10Terminology10Pictures1111CloisonnéBriefintroductionCloisonnéisanancienttechniquefordecoratingmetalworkobjects,inrecentcenturiesusingvitreousenamel,andinolderperiodsalsoinlaysofcutgemstones,glass,andothermaterials.Theresultingobjectscanalsobecalledcloisonné.Thedecoration
3、isformedbyfirstaddingcompartments(cloisonsinFrench)tothemetalobjectbysolderingoraffixingsilverorgoldwiresorthinstripsplacedontheiredges.Theseremainvisibleinthefinishedpiece,separatingthedifferentcompartmentsoftheenamelorinlays,whichareoftenofseveralcolors.Cloisonnéenamelobjectsareworkedonw
4、ithenamelpowdermadeintoapaste,whichthenneedstobefiredinakiln.DevelopmentThetechniquewasinancienttimesmostlyusedforjewelleryandsmallfittingsforclothes,weaponsorsimilarsmallobjectsdecoratedwithgeometricorschematicdesigns,withthickcloisonwalls.IntheByzantineEmpiretechniquesusingthinnerwireswe
5、redevelopedtoallowmorepictorialimagestobeproduced,mostlyusedforreligiousimagesandjewellery,andbythenalwaysusingenamel.Bythe14thcenturythisenameltechniquehadspreadtoChina,whereitwassoonusedformuchlargervesselssuchasbowlsandvases;thetechniqueremainscommoninChinatothepresentday,andcloisonnéen
6、amelobjectsusingChinese-derivedstyleswereproducedintheWestfromthe18thcentury.ExamplesEnamelThe8th-centuryIrishArdaghChaliceTheAlfredJewel,a9th-centuryAnglo-SaxonornamentTheKhakhulitriptych,alargegoldaltarpiecewithover100GeorgianandByzantineplaques,datingfromthe8thto12thcenturies,saidtobeth
7、elargestenamelledworkofartintheworld.theeyesofthe10thcenturyGoldenMadonnaofEssenThe12thcenturyMosanStavelotTriptych,combiningcloisonnéandchamplevéwork.GemsandglassThePectoralofTutankhamun,(image),andseveralothers.The5thcenturygravegoodsofChildericI,lastpaganki