民间艺术英文资料.doc

民间艺术英文资料.doc

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时间:2020-04-01

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1、Cloisonné2Briefintroduction2Development2Examples2Pictures3NewYearpictures4Briefintroduction4Development4ProductionMethod4Theme4Pictures5Papercutting6Briefintroduction6Development6Classification6Pictures6Embroidery8Briefintroduction8Origin8Materials8Machine8Pictures9Shadowplay10Briefintrodu

2、ction10Development10Terminology10Pictures1111CloisonnéBriefintroductionCloisonnéisanancienttechniquefordecoratingmetalworkobjects,inrecentcenturiesusingvitreousenamel,andinolderperiodsalsoinlaysofcutgemstones,glass,andothermaterials.Theresultingobjectscanalsobecalledcloisonné.Thedecoration

3、isformedbyfirstaddingcompartments(cloisonsinFrench)tothemetalobjectbysolderingoraffixingsilverorgoldwiresorthinstripsplacedontheiredges.Theseremainvisibleinthefinishedpiece,separatingthedifferentcompartmentsoftheenamelorinlays,whichareoftenofseveralcolors.Cloisonnéenamelobjectsareworkedonw

4、ithenamelpowdermadeintoapaste,whichthenneedstobefiredinakiln.DevelopmentThetechniquewasinancienttimesmostlyusedforjewelleryandsmallfittingsforclothes,weaponsorsimilarsmallobjectsdecoratedwithgeometricorschematicdesigns,withthickcloisonwalls.IntheByzantineEmpiretechniquesusingthinnerwireswe

5、redevelopedtoallowmorepictorialimagestobeproduced,mostlyusedforreligiousimagesandjewellery,andbythenalwaysusingenamel.Bythe14thcenturythisenameltechniquehadspreadtoChina,whereitwassoonusedformuchlargervesselssuchasbowlsandvases;thetechniqueremainscommoninChinatothepresentday,andcloisonnéen

6、amelobjectsusingChinese-derivedstyleswereproducedintheWestfromthe18thcentury.ExamplesEnamelThe8th-centuryIrishArdaghChaliceTheAlfredJewel,a9th-centuryAnglo-SaxonornamentTheKhakhulitriptych,alargegoldaltarpiecewithover100GeorgianandByzantineplaques,datingfromthe8thto12thcenturies,saidtobeth

7、elargestenamelledworkofartintheworld.theeyesofthe10thcenturyGoldenMadonnaofEssenThe12thcenturyMosanStavelotTriptych,combiningcloisonnéandchamplevéwork.GemsandglassThePectoralofTutankhamun,(image),andseveralothers.The5thcenturygravegoodsofChildericI,lastpaganki

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