2018届中考英语专题复习专题十三构词法课件.pptx

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1、专题十三构词法构词法由于近3年中考对词汇的考查呈现多样性，要求考生不再死记硬背单词表，培养其对一些单词的构成法则的认识，故现在单独列出来做以下讲解。◆构词法的几种转换形式如下：1.名词形容词如：dangerdangerous2.动词名词如：actactivity3.动词形容词如：helphelpful4.形容词名词如：differentdifference5.形容词副词如：happyhappily构词法主要方式例词转化法（把一种词性用作另一种词性，而词形不变）名词动词rain雨下雨形容词动词clean干净的打扫形容词名词Chinese中

2、国的中国人动词名词cook烹饪厨师合成法（把两个独立的单词合在一起构成新词）名词+名词book+shelfbookshelf书架副词+动词over+comeovercome克服名词+形容词home+sickhomesick思乡派生法（在词前或词后加前缀或后缀构成新词）前缀+词根un+importantunimportant不重要的词根+后缀visit+orvisitor参观者◆前缀前缀意义例词前缀意义例词re-(2017省卷38题)再，重复retellen-使可能enableanti-反对anti-wartele-远程telephone

3、super-超级的supermanin-不，非inexpensiveim-不impoliteil-不，非illegalir-不irregularun-不unhappynon-不，非non-smokerdis-不dishonest◆后缀词类后缀例词名词-er/-or/-n/-an/-ian/-ese/-ing/-ist/-ment/-ness-ship/-th/-ion/-tion/-ation/-tyinventor发明家；musician音乐家；Chinese汉语；shopping购物；artist艺术家；development发展；

4、happiness快乐；friendship友谊；truth真理；education教育；safety安全词类后缀例词形容词-able/-al/-ed/-en/-ern/-ing/-ive/-ful/-less/-ly/-ous/-yenjoyable令人愉快的；natural自然的；surprised感到惊讶的；wooden木制的；southern南方的；surprising令人惊讶的；active积极的；useful有用的；useless无用的；friendly友好的famous著名的；sunny阳光充足的词类后缀例词数词-teen

5、/-ty/-thfifteen十五;forty四十；ninth第九副词-lytruly真实地；happily快乐地考点小练1.Myfather’sT-shirthas(complete)lostitsshape.2.Robert’s(collect)ofprintsandpaintingshasbeenboughtovertheyears.3.InEngland,peopleoftentalkabouttheweatherbecausetheycan(experienced)fourseasonsinoneday.4.Wearegoin

6、gtoclimbthemountainifitis(sun)tomorrow.5.Whata(knowledge)personsheis!Shealmostknowseverything.6.Ihavesome(difficult)inlearningmath.completelycollectionexperiencesunnyknowledgeabledifficulties7.Mygrandfather’ssunnycharacterhasagreat(influent)onmeinmylife.8.Mikegavemeadeta

7、iled(describe)ofthisnewcomputersystem.9.Itisoftensaidthattruelovenever.A.dieB.diesC.deadD.death10.Weshoulddomorningexercisestokeephealthy.A.actionB.activityC.activeD.actively11.—MissGreenisournewforeignteacher.Doesshecomefrom?—Yes,shedoes.Sheisa.A.Europe;GermanB.Europe;G

8、ermanyC.European;GermanD.European;GermanyinfluencedescriptionBDAA