供应商整合英.pdf

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1、issuesinresearchUsingsocialexchangetheorytoguidesuccessfulstudyrecruitmentandretentionSocialexchangetheorycanbeusedtoreduceparticipantattritionduringstudies,asLisaMcGregor,KarenParker,PamelaLeBlancandKathrynMKingexplainAbstractParticipantattrition(withdrawalorlossafterenteringastu

2、dy)isamajorthreattothecompletionofvalidstudies.Itcanresultinsystematicerror(selectionbias),thusdecreasingthestatisticalpowerofstudiesandlimitingthegeneral-isabilityofstudyfindings.Thispaperdemonstrateshowkeysocialexchangetheoryprinciplesformthetheoreticalcontextforourpractice,whic

3、h,inturnenablesustoformenduringrelationshipswithstudyparticipants.▲socialexchangetheory▲longitudinalstudy▲participantrecruitment▲participantretentionkeywordsIntroductionLongitudinalresearch,whetherquantitativeorqualitative,providesanoppor-tunitytostudythenatureandresultsofchangeas

4、peoplemovethroughdevelopmentalandtransitionalexperiences.Amajorbarrierinundertakinglongitudinalstudiesisensuringthatenoughparticipantsremaincommittedforthedurationoftheresearch(Ribisletal1996).Participantattrition–withdrawalorlossafterenteringastudy–isamajorthreattothecompletionof

5、validstudiesthatrendergeneralisableortransferablefindings.Thedetri-mentaleffectsofattritiononthevalidityoflongitudinalstudieshavebeenwelldocumented:itcanresultinsystematicerror(selectionbias)–thusdecreasingthestatisticalpowerofstudies–andlimitthegeneraliabilityofstudyfindings(Ribi

6、sletal1996).74NURSERESEARCHER2010,17,2Tominimiseattrition,researchersmustunderstandthemechanismsinvolvedinparticipantrecruitmentandretention.Manyofthestudiesundertakenthroughourresearchofficehaveinvolvedon-siteparticipantrecruitmentinanacutecarehospital,followedbytelephone-basedlo

7、ngitudinaldatacollec-tion.AnexemplarofourresearchapproachistheWomen’sRecoveryfromSternotomyTrial(WREST)(Kingetal2006).Withthismulti-centreclinicaltrial,weexaminedtheuseofanovelcompressionundergarmentinwomenfollowingfirst-timesternotomy.Threehundredandeightyfivewomenfromtenhospital

8、sitescompletedWREST,whichinvolved