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1、thecommonwealthofNationsthegroupofseven，USA，France,UK,Germany,Italy,Canada,JaEngland 1London,government,finance,culture,centure2.1AD1sttribalkingdoms2.243ADRomanEmpire(EW)2.3AnglesandSaxon,KingArthur,roundtable(S)2.48c,Scandinavia,Vikings,KingAlfredth
2、eGreat(ews)2.51066WilliamstheConqueror(ew).TheTowerofLondon 3RobinHoodoutlaw4agapof11years,OliverGrownwell5WilliamofOrangeandMary2Scotland1GlasgowandEdinburgh. 2Hadrian'swall3Macbeth41609QueenElizabeththefirstJamesthesixthofScotlandfirstofEngland5170
3、7joinedtheUnion61998theScotlandact1999firstelectionofMPWales1Cadiff2thePrinceofW,EdwardthefirstsonoftheMonarch31536joinedtheUnion4language,theOldBritishCeltictongue5PlaidCymur,MPNorthernIreland1Belfast(biggestcapital)2ProtestantUSRomanCatholic31914The
4、thirdHomeRulewasovertakenbytheFirstWorldWar41916TheEasterRising Dublin'sPostOffice,ForcetheBritishtoratakeitbymilitancymeans,leaderoftherebellionwereexecuted.5/54.1916THeEasterRising复活节起义Dublin'sPostoffice,forcethebritishtoretakeitbymilitarymeans,lead
5、eroftherebellionwereexecuted5.1919IrishRepublicanArmy1)theprovisionalIRAistheradicalfactionoftheIRAforceandarms6SinnFeinalegalpartyinNorthernIreland"ThebulletandtheBallotBox" policysupportstheIRA7.THEAnglo-IrishAgreement19858.TheGoodFriday1998.4.10mut
6、i-partynegotiationsNorthernIrelandremainspartsoftheUKanditwon'tchangeitspoliticalstatusunlessthemajorityofthepeopleofNIagreegovermentbyserveraljurisdictions:TheRepublicofIreland,GreatBritain,itsownelectedexecutivegovernmentof10ministers9.BloodySunday,
7、1972.1.3013Catholics,apeacefulcivilrightsmarch,468peopledied.1）Themonarchy1.1066theNormanConquest2.throne王位heir继承人sovereign君主3.MagnaCarta1215alsonamedtheGreatCharterbaron贵族JohntheFirst2）THeParliament 1.1236，wasfirstused2.theHouseoflords，representthems
8、elf①thelordsspritual，archbishopsandmostprominentbishopsofthechurchofEngland②thelordsTemporalhaveinherited③theseatfromtheirforefathers3.theHouseofCommons①646membersofParliaments②therealcenterofbritishpoliticallife③representtheinterestsofthepeop
