不同灌溉方式对玉米生物量的影响

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1、安徽农业科学，JoumalofAnhuiA．Sci．2014，42(1)：64—66责任编辑姜丽责任校对卢瑶不同灌溉方式对玉米生物量的影响李英，马兴祥，王鹤龄，任丽文(1．甘肃省武威市气象局农业气象试验站，甘肃武威733000；2．中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所，甘肃兰州730020)摘要[目的]为了研究节水灌溉方式对玉米产量及构成的影响。[方法]2012年在武威荒漠生态与农业气象试验站设计了滴灌、喷灌、漫灌大田试验，并调查玉米整个生育期内的作物生长高度、叶面积指数、株子粒重等指标。[结果]滴灌条件下生

2、物量高于喷灌和漫灌，拔节时差异最明显，滴灌比喷灌重48％、比漫灌重109％；滴灌叶面积指数最高，喷灌次之；在成熟期，滴灌、喷灌株高均较漫灌高22em；滴灌和喷灌百粒重分别重于漫灌11．88％、9．95％；滴灌、喷灌株子粒重分别重于漫灌24．8％、21．1％；滴灌理论产量大于喷灌22．59％，大于漫灌35．62％，喷灌大于漫灌10．63％；滴灌实际产量大于喷灌1．68％，大于漫灌6．52％，喷灌大于漫灌4．76％。[结论]3种灌溉技术条件下，滴灌效果最好，喷灌次之。关键词灌溉方式；玉米生物量中图分类号S

3、513文献标识码A文章编号0517—6611(2014)01—00064—03EfectsofDiferentIrrigationPatternsonBiomassComponentsofMaize(ZeamaysL．)LIYingetal(InstituteofAridMeteorology，ChinaMeteorologicalAdministration，Lanzhou，Gansu730020)Abstract[Objective]Theaimwastostudytheefectsofwater

4、savingirrigationpatternsonmaizeyieldanditscomponents．[Method]Threefieldtrialsofdripirrigation，sprinklerirrigation，floodirrigationweredesignedinWuweiDesertEcologicalandAgricuhuralMeteorologi·calExperimentStationin2012，andsomeindices，suchastheplantheight，

5、leafareaindex，grainsweightperplant，wereinvestigatedinthewholegrowthperiodofmaize．[Result]Thebiomassofdripirrigationwashigherthanthatofsprinklerirrigationandfloodirrigation，andtheirdiferencewasmostobviousespeciallyatjointingstage，thatofdripirrigationwash

6、igherby48％thanthatofsprinklerirrigation，andby109％thanthatoffloodirrigation；theleafareaindexofdripirrigationwasthehighest，andthenextwassprinklerirrigation；atthematuritystage，theplantheightofdripirrigationandsprinklerirrigationwasbothhigherby22cathanthato

7、ffloodirrigation；the100-grainweightofdripirrigationandsprinklerirrigationwashigherby11．88％，9．95％thanthatoffloodirrigation；thegrainsweightperplantofdripirrigationandsprinkleririgationwashigherby24．8％，21．1％thanthatoffloodirrigation；thetheoreticalyieldofdr

8、ipirrigationwashigherby22．59％thanthatofsprinklerirrigation，by35．62％thanthatoffloodirrigation，andthatofsprinklerirrigationwashigherby10．63％thanthatoffloodirrigation；theactualyieldofdripirrigationwashigherby1．68％thanthatofsprinkler