中考定语从句辅导-(1).ppt

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1、TheAttributiveClause定语从句定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例）例：ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.定语从句在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。例：ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasdrunk.定语从句（1）定语从句在句中做定语，用于修饰句中的某一名词（或代词）。被定语从句修饰的词叫做“先行词”，定语从句必须放在先

2、行词之后。定语从句由关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that和关系副词when,where,why等引导。定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句Grammar关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister.SheworksinShanghai.代替sister普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she)Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.关系代词：（如上例who/that）1.代替先行词;2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）Thebui

3、ldingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.先行词关系词定语从句which/that是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来。关系词判断步骤:首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用who

4、,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which或that;然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词主格宾格所有格人who,thatwho(m),thatwhose物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhich定语从句（2）关系词先行词在从句中成分who人主语，宾语whom人宾语whose人定语which物主语，宾语that物，人主语，宾语when时间状语where地点状语why原因状语Grammar最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。Thewomanwho/thatspokeatt

5、hemeetingyesterdayismymother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间)thetallthestrongthecleverboyTheboyisTom.TheboywhoistallisTom.TheboywhoisstrongisTomTheboywhoiscleverisTomTheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyh

6、asaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语)TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwi

7、llgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.关系代词1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li