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1、第三章国际组织的演变1第一节国际组织的产生及早期发展第二节20世纪的国际组织CONTENTS目录第三节21世纪的国际组织2国际组织的产生及早期发展国际组织是国际政治经济发展到一定阶段的产物，它的成长以国际关系演变为基础，同人类社会的发展密切相关。国际组织产生的三大基础。3国际组织的产生及早期发展产生根源产生早期发展41.先决条件：多国家体系的形成和国家间多边交往的开展2.其他条件功能领域国际合作需求战争与和平3.国际组织思想【但丁、杜布埃、格劳秀斯、彭·威廉、卢梭、康德】一、产生根源5DurantedegliAlighieri,comm
2、onlyknownbyhisshortnameDanteAlighieriorsimplyasDante(1265–1321),wasamajorItalianpoetoftheLateMiddleAges.HisDivineComedy,originallycalledComedìaandlaterchristenedDivinabyGiovanniBoccaccio,iswidelyconsideredthemostimportantpoemoftheMiddleAgesandthegreatestliteraryworkinthe
3、Italianlanguage.6“封建的中世纪的终结和现代资本主义纪元的开端，是以一位大人物为标志的，这位人物就是意大利人但丁，他是中世纪的最后一位诗人，同时又是新时代的最初一位诗人”——恩格斯7PierreDubois(c.1255–after.1321),aFrenchpublicistinthereignofPhiliptheFair,wastheauthorofaseriesofpoliticalpamphletsembodyingoriginalanddaringviews.HewasaNormanbybirth,proba
4、blyanativeofCoutances,whereheexercisedthefunctionsofroyaladvocateofthebailliageandprocuratoroftheuniversity.8HugoGrotius（10April1583 –28August1645),wasaDutchjurist.Grotiuslaidthefoundationsforinternationallaw,basedonnaturallaw.Ateenageintellectualprodigy,hewasimprisonedf
5、orhisinvolvementintheintra-CalvinistdisputesoftheDutchRepublic,butescapedhiddeninachestofbooks.HewrotemostofhismajorworksinexileinFrance.9ItisthoughtthatHugoGrotiuswasnotthefirsttoformulatetheinternationalsocietydoctrine,buthewasoneofthefirsttodefineexpresslytheideaofone
6、societyofstates,governednotbyforceorwarfarebutbyactuallawsandmutualagreementtoenforcethoselaws.AsHedleyBulldeclaredin1990:"TheideaofinternationalsocietywhichGrotiuspropoundedwasgivenconcreteexpressioninthePeaceofWestphalia,andGrotiusmaybeconsideredtheintellectualfatherof
7、thisfirstgeneralpeacesettlementofmoderntimes."10Jean-JacquesRousseau(28June1712–2July1778)wasaGenevanphilosopher,writerandcomposer.BorninGeneva,hispoliticalphilosophyinfluencedtheprogressoftheEnlightenmentthroughoutEurope,aswellasaspectsoftheFrenchRevolutionandthedevelop
8、mentofmodernpoliticalandeducationalthought.11HisDiscourseonInequalityandTheSocialContractarecornerstone
