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时间:2017-12-07
《高考英语语法讲义》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、高考语法讲义一.非谓语动词一.不定式:一)不定式的常考形式:1)一般形式:Hedecidedtoworkharderinordertocatchupwiththeothers.被动形式:Hepreferredtobeassignedsomeheavierworktodo.语法功能:表示与谓语动词同步发生2)完成形式:Hepretendednottohaveseenme.被动形式:Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.语法功能:表示发生在谓语动词之前二)不定式常考的考点:1)不定式做定语将要发生2)不定
2、式做状语目的3)不定式充当名词功能Toseeistobelieve.三)不定式的省略1)感官动词see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel+do表示动作的完整性,真实性;+doing表示动作的连续性,进行性Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词:
3、Thecaketastesgood;Itfeelscomfortable.2)使役动词havebidmakelet等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原toI‘dliketohaveJohndoit.Ihavemypackageweighed.Pauldoesn’thavetobemadetolearn.3)helphelpsbdohelpsbtodohelpdohelptodo四)有些动词后只跟不定式如:want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan,offer,decide,agree,expectal
4、lowsbtodo,causesbtodo,permitsbtodo,enablesbtodoforcesbtodo.bemorelikelytodolovetodowarnsbtodobeabletodobeambitioustodo.begintodo.starttodoWeagreed_______here,butsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.(NMET1995)A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet(Key:C)五)有的时候to后面要接ing形式accustom(oneself)to;beacc
5、ustomedto;faceupto;inadditionto;lookforwardto;objectto;bereducedto;resignoneselfto;beresignedto;resortto;sinkto;beusedto;bealternativeto;beclose/closenessto;bededication/dedicatedto;beopposition/opposedto;besimilarity/similarto.三、need/want后的ing形式具有被动的意思。其中,want不太常用。Heneeds(alotof)enco
6、uraging.二.动名词:具有动作性特征的名词1)是名词seeingisbelieving2)具有动词性特征可以带宾语starvingtroopsisnecessary.一)动名词的形式:一般形式:Idon'tlikeyousmoking.完成形式:Iregretnothavingtakenyouradvice.被动形式:Thisquestionisfarfrombeingsettled.二)动名词常考的点1)动名词做主语谓语动词为单数2)在动名词和不定式中,做为介词的宾语是动名词3)动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语.Iwo
7、uldappreciate_______backthisafternoon.(MET1992)A.youtocallB.youcallC.youcallingD.you'recalling(Key:Cyourcalling也对)Iregretnothavingtakenyouradvice.4)有些词后只能接动名词admit;appreciate;avoid;celebrate;consider;contemplate;defer;delay;deny;detest;discontinue;dislike;dispute;enjoy;itentails;escap
8、e;exc
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