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1、TheAgeof (1350-1400)HistoricalbackgroundTheHundredYears’War(1337-1453)wasthefirstnationalwarwagedbyEngland.EnglandintheMiddleAgesTheBlackDeath(1348-1349)broughttheendoftheMiddleAges.Fleasonratscarriedthebubonicplaguewhichkilledthousandsofpeople.inEurope.The
2、MiddleAgesBackgroundHierarchy–ClassStructureDuringChaucer’sTimeNobility/RulingClass-KnightandSquireClergy-Monk,Friar,Prioress,Parson,Summoner,PardonerMiddleClass–Merchant,Doctor,Student,WifeofBathPeasants–Miller,Plowman,SkipperGeoffreyChaucer(c.1343-1400)Do
3、minantliteraryfigureinthe14thcentury“FatherofEnglishLiterature”Lifeexperiences--childofwealthywinemerchant--pageinaroyalhousehold--spokeFrench,Latin,&Italian--Soldier&diplomat--memberofParliamentGeoffreyChaucerandTheCanterburyTaleslivedandwrotearound1385A.D
4、.plannedmanymoretales,butdidnotcompletetheproposed120talesbeforehisdeathwroteaboutallclassesinTheCanterburyTalestogiveusaglimpseofEnglishsocietyatthetimeGeoffreyChaucerandTheCanterburyTales(cont.)Hewentagainsttradition—shouldhavewritteninFrenchBUThewrotethe
5、minMiddleEnglish“FatheroftheEnglishLanguage”becausehedefiedrules/lawandwroteinthepeople’slanguageChaucerImagesKnight’sCodeofChivalryAknightmustbe:1.truetohisGodandadefenderofthefaith.2.trueandloyaltohislordandking.3.truetohislady.4.humbleandmodestindailyact
6、ions.5.braveandfierceinwarandadversity.CodeoftheClergyAmemberoftheclergymust:1.bechasteandpure.2.bedevotedtoGod.3.obeyGodandBiblicallaw.4.takevowsofpoverty.5.achieveheavenlyrewardthroughearthlydenial.MoralVirtues(oppositeofsins)ModerationGenerosityDiligence
7、LoveModestyHumilityForgivenessChaucer’sCanterburyTalesTakesrepresentativesofEnglishsocietyonapilgrimagetoCanterburyCathedralPilgrims—eachhasspeechandtalethatmatchesarealpersonduringhis(Chaucer’s)timeChaucer’sCanterburyTales(cont.)30charactersrepresentingall
8、socialclasses--Chaucer,asaparodyofhimself,isoneofthepilgrims--Althoughfictional,doeshaverealisticsettingsandoccupations*TabardInn*Canterbury&CanterburyCathedral*ShrineofThomasBecketChaucer’stone:IRONIC
