航空飞机液压理论英文培训课件.ppt

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1、HydraulicsAirlineTransitionCourseLessonObjectivesDevelopabasicunderstandingofhydraulictheoryandthephysicsrelatedtohydraulicsFluidPowerLawofConservationofEnergyPascal’sLawHydrostaticParadoxMechanicaladvantageBernoulli’sprincipleTypesofFluidHydraulicSystemComponentsFluidPowerTHEORYHydraulicsystems

2、operateaccordingtoPascalslaw.ThelawofBlaisePascalsays:'Thepressure,inastatichydraulicfluidinaclosedsystemiseverywherethesame'.However,whenthevelocityoftheflowisconstantonemayapplyPascalsLawaswell.Animation:Whenthemanjumpsonthesmallpiston,heinducesapressureinthesystem.Thispressurealsoworksonthel

3、argepiston:becauseofthelargeareaofthispiston,theforceinducedbythepressureiscapabletoliftthecar.Thepressurecanbecalculatedwiththeformula:where:p=pressure(psi)F=force(pound)A=area(squareinch)FluidPowerForce=energyexerted(F=MA)Pressure=aforcethatisappliedoveragivenarea(usuallyinpsi)Pressure=Force/A

4、reaWork=anytimeaforcecausesanobjecttomoveWork=ForcexDistancePower=theamountofpowerrequiredtoaccomplishagiveamountofworkinacertainperiodoftimePower=(ForcexDistance)/TimeLawofConservationofEnergyWeareabletotakeenergyandchangeit’sform,conserveitforlater,andreleaseitatwill.Wegetthesameamountofenergy

5、outasweputin.Unfortunatelysomeenergyistransformedandlostintoanunusableform.Ex:Rubbingyouhandstogether,takesyourbodiesenergyandreleasesitasthermalenergy.(UnlessyourinNorthDakotainJan.doingthisisusuallyprettyuseless)ThislossofenergyisusuallyreferredtoasinefficiencyTwoFormsofEnergyPotential:Existsi

6、nanobjectbecauseofitspositionEx:ArubberbandstretchedoutKinetic:ExistsinanobjectduetoitsmotionEx:ArubberbandafterIhaveletgoofit,asitfliestowardsyourfaceHydrostaticParadoxParadox:Atruestatementthatdoesnotreadilyappeartobetrue.HydrostaticParadox:Thepressureofafluidatthebottomofthecontainerwillbeeff

7、ectedbytheheightofthatcontainerbutnotitsshapeortheamountoffluid.Pascal’sLaw“Pressureinanenclosedcontaineristransmittedequallyandundiminishedtoallpartsofthecontainerandactsatrightanglestotheenclosingwalls.Pascal’sLawPressuree