定语从句讲解 4.doc

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1、定语从句讲解abeautifulgirlagirlinwhiteagirlwhoissinging定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当，对名（代）词修饰和限制。名（代）词称为中心词。形容词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语要后置，翻译成“……的”。另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）也可以担当定语。什么是定语从句呢？1.定义：在复句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词(名词或代词)叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词的后边。　 3.定语从句由于关系代词和关系副词引导，关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间

2、，起联系作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。　 结构：先行词+关系词+句子Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.关系代词:指人：who(主/宾格)thatwhom（宾格）指物：thatwhich 指人或物的：whose关系副词:when,where,why一．关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.Theman(who/whom)Italkedwithisourteacher.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不

3、能省)Heisateacher(whom)Ilikeverymuch.Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)What’sthatanimalwhichlookslikeabigmouse?AweeklaterMikereceivedthecamera(which)shehadordered.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwh

4、ichyouborrowbooks?4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout. 5.whose指人或物，表示所属关系,在从句中作定语。eg.That’sthemanwhosehousewasburneddown.Hesawahousewhosewindowswereallbroken.Matchthetwosentences 1.I’mreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates. _______

5、________________________________ 2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese. _______________________________________ 3.Idon’tliketheman.Heissmoking. 124.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._______________________________________5Thisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.______

6、________________________________________6.Thegirlgotfirst.Herfatherhadgivenusareport.__________________________________________________7.Thisisthecard.I’vejustreceivedthecard._____________________________________________8.Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.___

7、______________________________________________________9.Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.________________________________________________________10.Theboyismyclassmate.Theboy’sfatherisapoliceman.________________________________________________________小结：who－指人，

8、作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.that－既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省