细菌感染诊断防治消毒灭菌.ppt

《细菌感染诊断防治消毒灭菌.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。

1、BacterialInfectionNormalfloraOpportunisticpathogenPathogenicbacteria(virulentbacteria)DysbacteriosisExotoxinsEndotoxinsSeparation&CultureofbacteriaBacteriemiaSepticemiaPyemiaToxemiaEndotoxemiaCarrierColonyToxoidsAntitoxinKeyWordsNotallbacteriacausedis

2、easeNormalflora–Thenormalfloraarebacteriawhicharefoundinoronourbodiesonasemi-permanentbasiswithoutcausingdisease.Therearemorebacterialivinginoronourbodies,thanwehavecellsofourown.Ahumanbodycontainsaround1013cells.Thehumanbodyishometoaround1014bacteria

3、.Onefourthoffecalweightismadeofbacteria!Thenormalfloraareparticularlyimportantinthelargeintestine. Normalfloraarealsofoundinthe nose,mouth,throat,skin.Opportunisticbacteria–canbepartofthenormalflorabutnotpathogenicfornormalpersons,causediseaseonlyinim

4、munocompromisedpersons,orunderspecificconditions.Pathogenicbacteria(virulentbacteria)–Normallynotmembersofthenormalflora,havemechanismstopromotetheirowngrowthintheexpenseofhost’stissueororgan’sfunctionThenormalfloraprotectusfromdiseaseby:1.Competingwi

5、thinvadersforspaceandnutrients.2.Producingcompounds(bacteriocins)whichkillotherbacteria.3.LoweringthepHsothatotherbacteriacan'tgrow.Inadditiontotheabovewaysofprotectingusfromdiseaseournormalflorahelpusinotherways.Ofcourse,thereisadownsideaswell...TheG

6、oodSideProducevitaminsweareunabletoproducesuchasvitaminB12.Boostourimmunesystem—Germfreeanimals(bornandraisedinagermfreeplastictent)areverysusceptibletodiseasewhenremovedfromthegermfreeenvironmentbecausetheirimmunesystemisunderdeveloped.Helpdigestfood

7、.TheBadSideIfthenormalfloraescapefromtheirnormallocation,theycancausedisease.Forexample,Escherichiacoli,commonlyfoundintheintestine,cancauseurinarytractinfectionsifintroducedintothebladder.Immunosuppressioncanallowotherwiseharmlessbacteriatocausedisea

8、se.AIDS,somecancertreatmentsandtransplantrejectiondrugsallsuppresstheimmunesystemandallowthenormalfloratocauseoccasionallyseriousdisease.Threeconditionscorrelatewithopportunisticinfection:1.ImmuneSystemCompromise2.Dysbacteriosis3.ChangeofInhab