资源描述：
《什么是生物化学,生物化学专业介绍, Biochemistry introduction.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在PPT专区-天天文库。
1、BiochemistryIntroduction&UniversitiesAnalysisAlanYang2012-3-23ContentBiochemistryBriefintroductionHistoryBiochemistry,fromelementstoenvironmentsResearchBranchesTargetsandtechniquesHarvard,innerlifeBiochemistryBriefBiochemistryisthestudyofchemicalprocessesinlivingor
2、ganisms.Biochemistrygovernsalllivingorganismsandlivingprocesses.Bycontrollinginformationflowthroughbiochemicalsignallingandtheflowofchemicalenergythroughmetabolism,biochemicalprocessesgiverisetothecomplexityoflife.enzyme-catalyzedreactions.cellmetabolismendocrinesy
3、stemgeneticcode(DNA,RNA),proteinsynthesis,cellmembranetransportandsignaltransductionBiohazardI-III,alcoholicfermentation(yeast)ANDstructures,functionsandinteractionsofcellularcomponentssuchasproteins,carbohydrates,lipids,nucleicacidsandotherbiomolecules(biopolymers
4、).Monomers:similarrepeatingsubunitssubunittypes:eg.proteinisapolymerwhosesubunitsareselectedfromasetof20ormoreaminoacids.Almostallareasofthelifesciencesfrombotanytomedicineareengagedinbiochemicalresearch.Importantdiscoveries:1828,FriedrichWöhler,provedorganiccompou
5、ndscanbecreatedartificially.1833,AnselmePayen,thefirstenzyme,diastase.1947,GertyCori,CarlCori,NobelPrizefortheirdiscoveryoftheCoricycle.1953,HansAdolfKrebs,NobelPrize,Krebscycle(citricacidcycle).1956,JamesD.Watson,FrancisCrick…NobelPrize,DNAstructure,genetransferin
6、formation.1958,GeorgeBeadle,EdwardTatum,NobelPrize,onegeneproducesoneenzyme.2006,AndrewZ.Fire,CraigC.Mello,NobelPrize,RNAiinthesilencingofgeneexpression.2009,VenkatramanRamakrishnan,ThomasA.Steitz…NobelPrize,ribosomeatomiclevelresearch.HistoryGertyCoriandCarlCoriW
7、atsonandCrickAndrewZ.FireandCraigC.MelloNobelPrizesputBiochemistryinthespotlightBiochemistry:fundamentaloflifesciencesFromelementstoenvironmentsChemicalelements,molecules,cells,individuals,environmentsElementsMostearthorganismssharechemicalelementneeds,6elements—ca
8、rbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,oxygen,calcium,andphosphorus—makeupalmost99%ofthemassofahumanbody.Humansrequiresmalleramountsofpossibly18more.Aroundtwodoz
