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1、名词性从句(第二次演练)EnglishGrammar名词性从句名词性从句是由if,whether,that和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句,其功能同名词一样。一.主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。1.It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:Itisapityth
2、atyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.2.用it作形式主语的结构(1)Itis+名词+从句Itisafactthat…事实是…Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识(2)Itis+形容词+从句Itisnaturalthat…很自然…Itisstrangethat
3、…奇怪的是…(3)Itis+不及物动词+从句Itseemsthat…似乎…Ithappenedthat…碰巧…Itappearsthat…似乎…(4)It+过去分词+从句Itisreportedthat…据报道…Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…Itissaidthat…据说…3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况:(1)if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。(2)Itissaid/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如:ItissaidthatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextwee
4、k.ThatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid.(3)Ithappens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如:Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurredtohim.(4)Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如:Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.Whetherheiswrong
5、ornotdoesn’tmatter.(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。例如:Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?Isthatwillrainintheeveninglikely?√×√×√×√×4.what与that在引导主语从句时的区别what引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that则不然。例如:1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.2)Thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation.Itisrightwha
6、tyousaidyesterday.Itisaconsolationthatsheisstillalive.×√二.宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。1.作动词的宾语(1)由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略),例如:Iheardthatbejoinedthearmy.(2)由what,whether(if)引导的宾语从句,例如:Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.(3)动
7、词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如:Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.2.作介词的宾语,例如:Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.3.作形容词的宾语,例如:Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.注意:that引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语:anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worrie
8、d,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content等。也可以将