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1、COMMUNITYDEVELOPMENTTHROUGHGARDENING:STATEANDLOCALPOLICIESTRANSFORMINGURBANOPENSPACEJaneE.Schukoske*ªDon'tknowwhyanyonecalledthatlot`vacant.'Thegarbagewaspiledhighasyourwaist....º1ÐPaulFleischman,1997INTRODUCTIONNeglectedvacantlotsinthemodernurbanset
2、tingposegreathazardstocommunitylife.Theselots,whichhostcriminalbehavior,accumulatetrash,andcreatevarioushealthrisks,epitomizethefrus-trationanddespairnearbyresidentsoftenfeel.Arecentstudyreportsthatmorethanone-®fthofalllandinAmericancitiesisclassi®ed
3、asvacant.2Despitetheprevalenceofvacantlandandtherealityofurbanblight,manycommunitieshavebeensuccessfulintransformingthesedangerousurbanspacesintothrivingcommunitygardens.*AssociateProfessor,UniversityofBaltimoreSchoolofLawandDirectoroftheCommunityDev
4、elopmentClinic,whichhasrepresentedcommunityassociationsin-volvedincommunitygardening.IthankStevenG.Davison,KristineDunkerton,GarrettPower,PeterW.Salsich,Jr.,AndrewStone,andVedKumarifortheircom-mentsonanearlierdraftofthisarticle;MaryannNowinskiandCath
5、erineSauvainfortheirresearchassistance;andJaneCupitforherpreparationofabibliographyforthisresearch.1.PAULFLEISCHMAN,SEEDFOLKS19(1997).2.SeeANNO'M.BOWMAN&MICHAELA.PAGANO,URBANVACANTLANDINTHEUNITEDSTATES18-19(LincolnInst.ofLandPolicyWorkingPaper,1998).
6、TheBowmanandPaganostudyanalyzedtheresultsofanationwidesurveyofurbanva-cantlandbasedonresponsesfrom186cities.Seeid.at18.Forthestudy,ªvacantlandºwasde®nedasincludingªnotonlypublicly-ownedandprivately-ownedunusedorabandonedlandorlandthatoncehadstructure
7、sonit,butalsolandthatsupportsstructuresthathavebeenabandoned,derelict,boardedup,partiallydestroyedorrazed.ºId.Thestudyrevealedthatapproximately23%oftotallandareainthere-spondingcitieswasvacant.Seeid.at19.Italsofoundthat,generally,vacantlandismoreprev
8、alentingrowingcitiesandabandonedstructuresaremoreprevalentinde-cliningcities.Seeid.at35.Themostuniversalproblemcitiesfaceregardingtheuseofvacantlandismanagingodd-shapedparcelsinundesirablelocations.Seeid.at37.351352LEGISLATIONANDPUBLICPOLICY[Vol.3:35
