小儿生长发育(Growth-and-Development).ppt

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1、GrowthandDevelopmentYangFanPediatricDepartmentGrowth:definedasanincreaseinsizeofbody,biologicalgrowthofanorganismtakesplacethroughcellmultiplication,thismorphologicalgrowthcanbemeasuredclinically.theenlargementoftheorganandthesystemmorphologicalgrowthcanbem

2、easuredbyexactvaluesDevelopment:Agradualchangeandexpansion;advancementfromalowertoamoreadvancedstageofcomplexity;increasedcapacitythroughgrowth,maturation,andlearningAnincreaseincompetenceandadaptabilityAQUALITATIVEchangeFunctioningatahigherlevelThus,sinceb

3、othprocessesarepartofonewhole,thecombinedtermsgrowthanddevelopmentformanunitaryconceptthatindicatesthequatitativeandqualitativeofmaturationalchangesofanorganism.GrowthisacontinuousandorderlyPROCESSweightheightAge(y)FMMFNotalltissuesystemsofthebodygrowatthes

4、amerateVariabilityNoteveryoneisalikeinthewaythattheygrowPercentilegrowth/standarddeviationtothenormRacialandethnicdifferencesBoysvsGirlsFactorsInfluencingGrowthHeredityNutritionGenderDiseaseEnvironmentHazardsSocioeconomicinfluencesGrowthCurvesBoys:2to18year

5、sGirls:2to18yearsBoysreachmostoftheirheightatageof17whereasgirlsreachtheirsataround15IndicesofGrowthBodyweight(kg)theweightofaperson’sbody.theweightofalltissues,organsandbodyfluids.oneindicatorofthenutritionalstatusofchild.thebasisofdrugdosageandamountofinf

6、usion.1、Thefirstgrowthspurtoccursinthefirstyearoflife(theincrementisabout6kg).PatternsofWeightIncrement2、Growthisnotatthesamerateindifferentage:Theincrementofweightduringthefirst3monthsisequaltothatofthefollowing9months.Yearlyincrementsincreaseslowlyuntilth

7、eonsetofpuberty.Birthweight3kgMaturebaby’sweightgainatfirstmonth1--1.5kg3—12monthsweight=(month十9)/2kg1—6yearsweight=age×2十8kg7—12yearsweight=age×7-5/2kgAboutformulae:Theseformulaeareusedonlyforcalculatingdosageofdrugandfluidinclinic.Becausethegrowthisnotat

8、thesamerateindifferentage,especiallyininfant;andthegrowthisaffectedbymanyfactors,suchasgene,environmentandindividualvariation.AttentionWeightloss:Physiologicalweightloss:3-9%recoverat7-10thdayLossof3%~