高考真题常考点详细归纳讲解与练习7--定语从句.doc

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1、1第七章定语从句相关概念15主句、从句、关系词例句：ThisistheboywhowonthefirstprizeintheEnglishSpeechCompetition.主句：在含有定语从句的复合句中，除去定语从句后的部分，是句子的主句。(例句中，Thisistheboy.是主句。)定语从句：相当于形容词，修饰主句中的一个名词或代词（有时修饰整个主句，相当于主句的一个定语。）(例句中，whowonthefirstprizeintheEnglishSpeechCompetition是定语从句，修

2、饰theboy。)先行词：先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词等，它总是出现在定语从句的前面。(例句中，theboy是先行词。)关系词：关系词指用来引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副词。(例句中，who是关系代词。)关系词的三个作用作定语从句的一个句子成分。起着连接主句和从句的作用（参看P.63Error!Referencesourcenotfound.）。代指被修饰的先行词。（例句中，who作定语从句的主语，同时起着连接作用，在意思上，指代的是前面的先行词theboy。）关系代词指人时可以用who

3、,也可用that。Doyouknowtheboywho/thatismydeskmate?Themanwho/thatwaskilledintheaccidentisTom’suncle.指物时可以用which,也可用that。Ilikevisitingplaceswhich/thatarenotfaraway.Howdoyoulikethefilmwhich/thatwasshownlastSunday.whose可以指人也可以指物。Hewasapainterwhosepicturesweren

4、otwell-knowninhislifetime.Thetreewhoseleavesareredwasplantedlastyear.关系代词作宾语时可以省略。Ilikethemealthat/which/()wehadlastnight.Doyouknowtheboywho/whom/that/()wetalkedaboutjustnow?注：（）表示关系代词省略关系副词关系副词在从句中只能作状语。when指时间，where指地点，why指原因，how不能作关系词。如：Wewillputof

5、fthepicnicuntilnextweekwhentheweathermaybebetter.Hehasreachedthepointwhereachangeisneeded.Thatisnoreasonwhyyoushouldleave.ThisisthewayhowIdidit.(how不能作关系词)基础过关1.用合适的关系词完成句子。Theman______/______washereyesterdayisapainter.Theman______/______/______/_____

6、_IsawiscalledSmith.Achild______parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.I’dlikearoom______windowlooksoutoverthesea.Aletter______/______iswritteninpencilishardtoread.Theletter______/______/______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.Thatistheboy______/______/

7、______/______youarelookingfor.Doyouknowthereason______hewaslateforthemeeting？Thisistheschool______Iusedtostudy.Istillremembertheday______wemetforthefirsttime.2.用符号标出下列句子的主句、定语从句、先行词和关系词。主句：______定语从句:（）先行词：先行词关系词：例：Thisisthebook(thatIhavebeenlookingfo

8、r).Themoviethatwesawlastnightisveryexciting.Haveyouboughtthebookwhichwetalkedabout？Istillrememberthedaywhichwespenttogetherlastweek.Hestilllivesinthehousewhosewindowsfacesouth.TheboywhosefatherisapolicemanspeaksEnglishmostfluentlyinourclass.Th