非谓语动词(王瑞华).ppt

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1、非谓语动词TheNon-predicativeVerbs2012年高考语法复习汉寿一中王瑞华过去分词不定式V.-ing形式非谓语动词不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化。动词不定式的基本形式主动语态被动语态一般式进行式完成式tobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendone/todo类别及物动词不及物动词形式主动被动主动一般式完成式ing-form的基本形式doingbeingdonedoinghavingdonehavingbeendonehavingdoneI.非谓语动词时态、语态形

2、式对照表：及物与不及物语态类别形式vt.vi.主动语态被动语态主动语态ing一般式:(与谓语动词同时发生且正在进行，）makingbeingmadegoing完成式:(先于谓语动词之前发生)havingmadehavingbeenmadehavinggoneed只有一种形式:(无时间性，或动作已完成，说明原因、条件等)×made(表被动表完成）gone(表完成）inf一般式:(与谓语动词同时发生或之后发生或无时间性)tomaketobemadetogo完成式:(先与谓语动词之前发生)tohavemadetohavebeenmadetohavegone进行式:(在

3、谓语动词动作发生时正在进行)tobemaking×tobegoing1.非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语.1.Toseeyouisglad.=It’sgladtoseeyou.2.Iwanttoseeyou.3.Iwanthimtoseeyou.4.Myhopeistoseeyou.5.Heisthemantoseeyou.6.I’mgladtoseeyou.7.Iwenttoseeyou.8.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou（作主语）（作宾语）（作宾补）（作表语）（作定语）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）

4、1.Swimmingishisfavouritesport.2.Heenjoysswimming.3.Ifoundhimswimmingintheriver.4.Hisfavouritesportisswimming.5.Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.6.SwimminginSummer,wecangetcool.(作主语)(作宾语)(作宾补)(作表语)(作定语)(作状语)1.Thiscupisbroken.2.Thisisabrokencup.3.Ifoundthecupbroken.4.BrokenbyTom,the

5、cupcan’tbeused.★过去分词一般不作主语、宾语.(作表语)(作定语)(作宾语补足语)(作状语)主语宾语表语定语补语状语todo--ing动名词现在分词pp（过去分词）非谓语动词功能比较3.分词的用法比较A.在时态上1.Chinaisadevelopingcountry=acountrywhichisdeveloping.2.Japanisadevelopedcountry=acountrywhichhasdeveloped.3.Ifoundhimgone.=Ifoundthathehadgone.(表完成）ing分词表“进行”ed分词表“完成”▲in

6、g分词表“主动”，ed分词表“被动”（多为及物动词）1.Isawhimwritingashortnovel.=Isawthathewaswritingashortnovel.2.HewasreadinganovelwrittenbyCharlesDickens.=anovelwhichwaswrittenbyCharlesDichens.B.在语态上:▲ing.表“抽象、习惯”,不定式表“具体、偶然、将来”.*Swimming(抽象)ismyfavouritesportandIlikeswimming(习惯)everyday,butIdon’tliketoswi

7、m(具体)today,Iwouldliketoswim(将来)tomorrow.C在概念上▲D.分词的完成式一般不用来作定语，只能用作状语.Theplatformhavingbeenbuiltwillbeusedtoperformon.1.Theplatformbuiltwillbeusedtoperformon.Theplatformwhichhasbeenbuiltwillbeusedtoperformon.2.Havinggivenheropinionaboutthebuilding,sheleftthemeeting.Havingbeenusedfora

8、longtime,the