牛津高中英语模块一至四语法总结及练习.doc

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1、第一单元一定语从句：定语从句的介绍1.就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样，定语从句也可以修饰名词。定语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词。形容词：Thegreenteam介词短语：Theteamingreen定语从句：Theteamwhowerewearinggreen2.定语从句通常由关系代词来引导，如which,that,who,whom,whose,或关系副词来引导，如when,where,why。关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语，宾语，表语，定语；关系副词可以在定语从句中担当状语。如：做主语Thetreeswhichareontheschoolcampushavelosttheir

2、leaves.做宾语Thestudentwhomwesawjustnowisthebestrunnerinourschool.做表语Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.做定语ShehasabrotherwhosenameIcan’tremember.做状语TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.二定语从句：关系代词：that，which，who，whom，和whose1.在定语从句中，that和which用来指代物。eg：Thisisthestorythat/whichwewroteforourstorytell

3、ingcontest.2.在定语从句中，who用来指代人。eg：IamgoingtoseeafriendwhohasjustcomebackfromtheUK.3.当who在定语从句中做宾语时，可以用whom来取代，且whom比who更正式。eg：Idon’tknowthenameoftheteacherwho/whomIsawinthecomputerroomtheotherday.4.当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，who，whom，which和that可以被省略。eg：Helikesallthebirthdaypresents(that/which)hisfriendsgaveh

4、im.5.Whose用来表示所属，它既可指人也可指物。eg：IsatnexttoagirlwhosenamewasDiane.TheclubwhosemembersaremusicfansmeetintheschoolgardeneverySaturdayafternoon.第二单元一定语从句：介词提前的定语从句（preposition＋which;preposition＋whom）1.当关系代词（which/whom）做定语从句中介词的宾语时，可以把介词提到关系代词的前面。eg：Wethoughtyouwereapersonfromwhomwecouldexpectgooddecis

5、ions.2.在非正式英语中，介词通常放在定语从句的最后。eg：ArtisthesubjectwhichIknowlittleabout.3.如果介词放在定语从句的最后，which可以被that取代，whom可以被that和who取代。eg：Dadisapersonwhom/that/whoIcaneasilytalkto.1.当关系代词做定语从句中介词的宾语，并且介词又放在定语从句的末尾时，我们通常省略关系代词who和that。eg：Thetopic(which)EricisinterestedinisPhysics.Danielistheperson(whom)Iwanttomak

6、efriendswith.2.当先行词是way时，我们用inwhich或that来引导定语从句，这种情况下，inwhich或that可以被省略。eg：Ididn’tliketheway(that/inwhich)shetalkedtome.二定语从句：关系副词：when，where，why1．我们通常用关系副词when引导先行词是time，moment，day，season，year等的定语从句。eg：Doyourememberthedaywhenweleftyouincharge?IoftenthinkofthemomentwhenIsawtheUFO.2．我们通常用关系副词wher

7、e引导先行词是place，house，city，country，city，world等的定语从句。eg：Thepolicesearchedthehousewherethethiefhadstayed.Thisisnotafamilywherebadbehaviorgoesunpunished.3．我们通常用关系副词why引导先行词是reason的定语从句。eg：Idon’tknowthereasonwhythehouseissodirty.4．