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1、托福听力lecture题型导航1.GISTQUESTION主旨目的题�什么是主旨目的题？Requiresthelistenertounderstandcriticalvocabularyphrasesorfactsfromseveralpointsinatextandtointerprettoidentifythekeypointsofthetext.Questionsthattestunderstandingthegistmayrequireyoutogeneralizeorsynthesizeinformatio
2、ninwhatyouhear.�如何识别主旨目的题？Whatarethestudentsmainlydiscussing?ETSWhatisthemaintopicofthetalk?ETSWhatisthelecturemainlyabout?Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?Whatisthemainpurposeofthelecture?Whatistheprofessormainlydiscussing?�文章的主旨展开方式（1）直接展开：Todaywearegoingtobetalkinga
3、bout…I’dliketobeginmylecturebyintroducing…Let’sfocuson…Let’snowtakealookat…（2）问答式展开：Howarecompaniestypicallystructured?Doyourememberwhattheyare?Howcanyouunderstandit?Whydoeshumanbeingconsideritimportant?（3）全文关键词总结�选项特征正确选项标志词：history,development,background,info
4、rmation,growth,origin,features,characteristics,invention,creation,innovation,evolution,era,trend,comparison,classification等干扰选项特征：Toogeneral:anideathatisbeyondthefocusoftheconversationorlectureToospecific:asupportingdetailinsteadofamainideaInaccurate:nottrue,or
5、onlypartiallytrue,accordingtothespeakersIrrelevant:aboutsomethingthatthespeakersdon’tmention2.DETAILQUESTION细节题�什么是细节题？Requirethelistenertounderstandandrememberexplicitdetailsorfactsthatareimportantasanexplanationoranexampleofthemainidea.Thesedetailsaretypicall
6、yrelated,directlyorindirectly,tothegistofthetext,byprovidingelaboration,examplesorothersupport.�如何识别细节题？Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?ETSAccordingtotheconversation,whataretwowaysinwhichbacteriacellsgetresistancegenes?WhydoestheprofessortalkaboutPlato’sdescriptionof
7、society?�细节题的考查点（1）时间细节年份、月份、星期、四季的说法注意细节对应的事件（2）地点细节国家名称（缩写、中文）美国地名（3）名词细节文章中出现的一个名词前后的特点记住名词出现时候的发音（4）颜色形状细节常见的颜色词汇常见的形状词汇（5）态度细节注意点评一个事物所用的形容词注意正负态度评价（6）人名细节积累常见名人人名的发音注意人名的前后一致性（7）双选细节注意并列的原因、建议、结果、陈述、特点注意序数词和表示顺序的短语（8）图片细节常见的会出现图片学科：生物学，植物学，地理学，地质学，气象学抓住图片
8、中的要素：大小，形状，颜色，方向，方位，特点笔记中记录下图片3.PURPOSEQUESTION功能题�什么是功能题？Thequestiontypeofteninvolvesreplayingaportionofthelisteningpassage.�如何识别功能题？Whatdoestheprofessorimplywhenhesaysthis
