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1、语法专项训练(十四)——定语从句考点一 用什么词引导定语从句？我们要判断到底使用关系代词还是关系副词,应先把先行词放回定语从句中,如果先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语或定语,则用关系代词“that(充当主语、宾语或表语),语法精讲who(充当主语、宾语或表语),whom(充当宾语),which(充当主语、宾语或表语),as(充当主语、宾语或表语),whose(充当定语)”；如果充当状语,则用关系副词“where,when,why”等.Heistheman________nevergivesintodifficulty.我们将先行词“them
2、an”放回定语从句中,则得出“themannevergivesintodifficulty.”在这一句子中,“theman”在句中充当主语,因此不可能用关系副词,排除了填“where,when,why”的可能性；由于“theman”指代人,在句中又充当主语,因此也不可能用“which,whom,whose”；只有当先行词前面有“such,thesame”时才能用“as”,因此,以上句子只能填“that/who”.考点二 在什么情况下一般只能用that引导定语从句？情况例句先行词同时是人和物时Istillremembersomepeopl
3、eandthingsthatwererelatedtoMissBrown,whousedtobemonitorinourclass.情况例句先行词是不定代词:all,any,anything,everything,few,little,much,none等Ican’tremembereverythingthathappenedduringthetimeinuniversity.That’sallthatIcanremember.先行词被all,any,every,little,much,no,some等不定代词修饰时Theexamisg
4、ettingnear.Thereislittletimethatwecanmakeuseof.Ihavereadallthebooksthatyouboughtme.情况例句当先行词被形容词的最高级,序数词theonly,thevery等修饰时ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.Thisisthebestarticlethathaseverbeenwrittenonthissubject.ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.情况例句主句以there
5、is/hereis/itis开头时HereisastorythatmakesmerememberMissBrownuntilnow.在以which/who为疑问词的特殊疑问句中,为了避免重复时Whoistheladythatyoureferredtoinyourdiary?Whichisthepicturethatyoudrewyesterday？考点三 在什么情况下一般只能用which引导定语从句？情况例句引导非限制性定语从句时Oneafternoon,sheandIarrivedinNewYork,whichwewouldlookf
6、orwardto.情况例句先行词为代词that或被that所修饰时Idon’ttakethatwhichistooexpensive.先行词是物,介词提到关系词前时Wewenttothebiggestbookshopinwhichthereweredifferentkindsofbookstobesold.考点四 如何区分thesame...as和thesame...that?“thesame...as”表示同一类人或物,如:MissBrownalsoboughtthesamebooksasIdid.“thesame...that”指同
7、一个人或物,例如:Heisthesamepersonthatyoureferredto.(同一个人)考点五 在什么情况下一般用who不用that?先行词是人称代词时,一般用who不用that.He,whojustheardthenewsofhisfather’sdeath,burstintotears.考点六way后面的定语从句way后面的定语从句的引导词有inwhich,that或不填.Irecognizedhe’sfromAustraliafromthewayinwhich(that/不填)hespeaks.◆同位语从句和定语从句的
8、区别同位语从句是对其前面的词所表示的具体内容做进一步的解释或说明,定语从句则对其前面的词起到限定或修饰的作用；that用来引导同位语从句时不充当句子成分,用于引导定语从句则充当句子成分；用when,wher
