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1、夏洛克人物分析ShylockisthemostvividandmemorablecharacterinTheMerchantofVenice,andheisoneofShakespeare，sgreatestdramaticcreations・Onstage,itisShylockwhomakestheplay,andalmostallofthegreatactorsoftheEnglishandContinentaistagehaveattemptedtherole・ButthecharacterofShylockhasalsobeenthesubject
2、ofmuchcriticaldebate:HowarewemeanttoevaluatetheattitudeoftheVenetiansintheplaytowardhim?Orhisattitudetowardthem?Isheabloodthirstyvillain?Orisheaman"moresinnedagainstthansinning〃？OneofthereasonsthatsuchquestionsariseisthattherearereallytwostageShylocksintheplay:first,thereisthestage
3、"villain"whoisrequiredfortheplot;second,thereisthehumanbeingwhosuffersthelossofhisdaughter,hisproperty,and,veryimportantlyforhim,hisreligion.Shylock，sfunctioninthisplayistobetheobstacle,themanwhostandsinthewayofthelovestories;suchamanisatraditionalfigureinromanticcomedies・Something
4、orsomeonemustimpedeyoung,romanticlove;here,itisShylockandthemanyandvariouswaysthatheislinkedtothethreesetsof1overs・ThefactthatheisaJewis,inasense,accidenta1.Shakespearew&ntedtocontrastliberalityagainstseifishness一intermsofmoneyandintermsoflove・TherewassuchafigureavaiTablefromthelit
5、eratureofthetime,onemanwhocouldfulfi11bothfunctions:thismanwou1dbeausurer,ormoney!ender,withabeautifuldaughterthatheheldontoastightlyashedidhisducats・UsurywasforbiddentoChristiansbythechurchoftheMiddleAges,andasaconsequence,money1endingwascontrolledbytheJews:asarule,itwasusual1ythe
6、onlyoccupationwhichthelawallowedtothem.Asaresult,agreatdealofmedievalliteratureproducedtheconventionalfigureoftheJewishmoneylender,usuallyasaminorcharacter,butalsotoo,asamajorcharacter・ItisfromthismedievalliterarytraditionthatShakespeareborrowsthefigureofShylock,justasMar1owedidfor
7、hisJewofMalta・SomecommentatorshavesaidthatthecharacterofShylockisanexampleofElizabethan(andShakespeare?sown)anti-Semitism・Incontrast,manyhaveseenthecreationofShylockasanattackonthiskindofintolerance・ButShakespeare,theyforget,wasadramatist・Hewasnotconcernedwitheitheranti-norpro-Semi
8、tism,exceptinthewayitshape
