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1、Unit8TeachingObjectives1.Enlargevocabulary2.Talkabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagescloningbringstous3.Learntoidentifythewriter’spurpose4.LearntowritealetterofthanksSectionsSectionALegalandMoralImplicationsofCloningSectionBWhoWillTakeAdvantageofHumanCloning?Secti
2、onCTwinsSixYearsApartSectionALegalandMoralImplicationsofCloningTableofContentsBackgroundInformationWarming-upActivitiesTextAnalysisVocabularyandStructureVocabularyTestWritingTherearedifferenttypesofcloning,andcloningtechnologiescanbeusedforotherpurposesbesidesp
3、roducingthegenetictwinofanotherorganism.Thethreetypesofcloningtechnologiesare:(1)recombinantDNAtechnologyorDNAcloning（基因重组克隆技术）,(2)reproductivecloning（再生克隆技术）,and(3)therapeuticcloning（干细胞疗法克隆技术）.Whatiscloning?Dolly,thefirstmammaltobeclonedfromadultDNA,wasputdow
4、nbylethalinjectiononFeb.14,2003.Priortoherdeath,Dollyhadbeensufferingfromlungcancerandcripplingarthritis.CelebritySheepDolly(1)AlthoughmostFinnDorsetsheeplivetobe11to12yearsofage,postmortemexaminationofDollyseemedtoindicatethat,otherthanhercancerandarthritis,sh
5、eappearedtobequitenormal.TheunnamedsheepfromwhichDollywasclonedhaddiedseveralyearsCelebritySheepDolly(2)priortohercreation.Dollywasamothertosixlambs,bredtheold-fashionedway.Scientistshavebeencloninganimalsformanyyears.In1952,thefirstanimal,atadpole,wascloned.Be
6、forethecreationofDolly,thefirstmammalclonedfromthecellofanadultanimal,cloneswerecreatedfromembryoniccells.SinceDolly,researchershaveclonedanumberoflargeandsmallanimalsincludingsheep,goats,cows,mice,pigs,cats,rabbits,andagaur.Allthesecloneswerecreatedusingnuclea
7、rtransfertechnology（细胞核移植技术）.Whatanimalshavebeencloned?(1)DollyClonedmonkeysFirstclonedmuleWhatanimalshavebeencloned?(2)ClonedtwingoatsFirstclonedhorseFirstclonedcatReproductivecloningisexpensiveandhighlyinefficient.Morethan90%ofcloningattemptsfailtoproduceviab
8、leoffspring.Morethan100nucleartransferprocedurescouldberequiredtoproduceoneviableclone.Inadditiontolowsuccessrates,clonedanimalstendtohavemorecompromisedimmunefunctionandhig
