地理信息系统专业外语试卷.doc

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1、一、英英释义 Verticalline Contour Leveling二、词汇汉译英地理信息系统地图学等高线大地水准面高程电子测绘仪经纬仪十字丝放样照准部水准测量全站仪方位角准确度卫星测距三、词汇英译汉GeomanticGeodesyPhotogrammetryAerialphotographFieldworkHorizontalsurveyLatitudePlumblineMeansealevelTacheometryLevelstaffVerticalcircleCounterclockwiseTopographyLev

2、elsurfaceStadiahairPrismPrecisionRandomerrorGPSreceiver四、句子英译汉1.Itisprocessedandmanipulatedwithstate-of-the-artinformationtechnologyusingcomputersoftwareandhardware.2.Ithasapplicationsinalldisciplineswhichdependonspatialdata.3.Oncethepositionsandattributesofgeograph

3、icentities（实体）havebeendigitizedandstoredincomputermemory,theyareavailableforusebyawidevarietyofusers.4.Landsurveysaretheoldesttypeofsurveyandhavebeenperformedsinceearliestrecodedhistory.5.Constructionsurveysaremadeforpurposesoflocatingstructuresandprovidingrequirede

4、levationpointsduringtheirconstruction.6.Tojudgetheexacthorizontalline,weshouldmovetapeupanddownalongtheplumplineandwewillfindthechangesofreadinginthetape.7.Ifthedistanceislongerthanthelengthoftape,thenwecandividethedistanceintoseveralsegmentsandgetthetotaldistanceby

5、pluseachsegmenttogether.8.Sincedifferenttapeshavedifferentstartsofzeroofthetapes,itisimportanttojudgewherethezeroofthetapebegins.9.VerticalLineisalinethatfollowsthedirectionofgravityasindicatedbyaplumbline.10.Aspiritlevelisusedtofixthelineofsightofthetelescope.11.Ra

6、ndomErrorsareintroducedintoeachmeasurementmainlybecauseofhumanandinstrumentimperfectionsaswellasuncertaintiesindeterminingtheeffectsoftheenvironmentonmeasurements.1.Ifaquantityismeasuredseveraltimesandthevaluesobtainedareveryclosetoeachother，theprecisionissaidtobehi

7、gh.2.TheGPSreceiveronthegroundistheunknownpoint，andmustcomputeitspositionbasedontheinformationitreceivesfromthesatellites.3.Whenthetwospheresintersect，acircleisformed，soitmustbesomewhereonthatcircle.4.Inaddition，boththeL1andL2GPSsignalswouldbemadeavailabletociviluse

8、rsandanewcivil10.23MHZsignalwouldbeauthorized.一、段落英译汉1.Thescienceandtechnologyofacquiring,storing,processing,managing,analyzingandpresenti