运营管理计算题类型汇总.ppt

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1、DeterminingthecapacitylevelCostofwaitingisknownCostofwaitingisnotknownP288amarginalcostofcapacityexpansionbcostofwaitingpertimeunitandpercustomerwthemarginalreductionofaveragewaitingtimepercustomerNtotalnumberofcustomerswhoseaveragewaitingtimewillbereducedoverthetimehorizoncon

2、sideredCustomeristurnedawayIntheseinstances,anapproachreferredtoasmarginalanalysiscanbeapplied.Accordingtothisapproach,theoptimalcapacitylevelC*isthatlevelforwhichtheprobabilitythatdemand(D)willexceedcapacityisequalto:McDonaldhastodecidehowmanyseatstoprovideinanewMcDonaldinMai

3、nYang,themanagerknowthedemandinMainYangisnormallydistributedwithanaverageof200seatsperdayandastandarddeviationof15.Oneday,theMcDonaldhastoturnawayacustomerbecauseseatsarealloccupied,itlosesthegrossmarginontheseatof40RMB.TheyalsoknowthatiftheMcDonaldhasoneseatunoccupiedonaparti

4、cularday,thecostisestimatedtobe10RMBWhat’stheoptimalnumberofseatsoftheMcDonald?P(D>C*)=10/(40+10)=0.2F(C*)=1-0.2=0.8Z=(C*-200)/15查表所得：Z=0.85C*=213Whataboutno-showsandoverbooking?Gravitymodelsinretailmanagement(P330)ThemostfrequentlyusedmodelistheHuffmodel.Thismodeldeterminesth

5、eprobability(Pij)thatacustomer,locatedinacertainarea(i),willshopataparticularstoreorshoppingcentre(j).Ifweassumethattheuniversityhas10,000students,eachspendinganaverageof$400ayearonclothes,theannualforecastsalesforsiteAandCwillbe:siteA:0.29*10000*$400=$1160000siteC:0.38*10000*

6、$400=$1520000ThensiteCwouldbemostprofitable.Locationmodels(P328)SiteA:Inthiscase,siteAisclearlythebestpotentialsiteofthefour.Whatisyield?theratioofrevenuerealizedoverrevenuepotentialExample(P304)YieldmanagementatTranspacificAirlinesHowcanwegettheprobabilitythatdemandwillexceed

7、180inCategoryAis46percent.HowcanwegettheprobabilitythatthedemandinCategoryBwillexceedtheassignednumberofseatsisequalto88percent.Howcanwegettheoptimalpolicyistoallocate184seatstoCategoryAand116seatstoCategoryB?