1、英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。句子成分英语五种基本句型主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物一般位于句首Popularmusic has become more and more popular.We often speak English in class.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.Smoking does harm to the health.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided
2、.It is necessary to master a foreign language.形式主语实际主语谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。1)简单谓语：We study for the people.2)复合谓语：I can speak a little English.We are reading books.He has gone to Beijing.3)系动词分两类：be,look,feel,smell等属一类，表示情况；get,grow,become,turn等属另一类，表示变化。Shesoundss
3、weet.Itisbeautiful.Theweathergetscold.表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。Shesoundssweet.His job is to teach English.His hobbyis playing football.Time is up.The truth is that he has nevertravelledaroundtheworld.宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象(动词的接受者），跟在及物动词之后。We like English.It began to rain.I e
4、njoy listening to popular music.I think（that）he is fit for his office.有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。He gavemesomeapples.有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。We makehimour monitor(班长).宾补:就是宾语补足语，是补充说明宾语的I see you crossing the street.His father named him David.T
5、hey painted their boatswhite.We saw her entering the room.定语:在句中修饰名词或代词的成分He is a new student.China is a developing country.He is reading abook about how to learnEnglish.状语: 修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分。按用途可分为：地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随情况等副词：HespeaksEnglishverywell.(程度状语)Heisplayingu
6、nderthetree.(地点状语)介词短语：Please come here in the evening.The students are doing their homework in the classroom.Theboywaspraisedforhisbravery.动词不定式：Icomespeciallytoseeyou.目的状语分词：The students went away laughing．伴随状语名词：It can go all day and all night．状语从句：Whenshewas12yearsold,shebeg
7、antoliveinDalian.IfIamnotbusytomorrow,Iwillplayfootballwithyou.He didn’t come because he must stay at home.Therainstopped.Therainhasstopped.JimandKatewentswimmingyesterday.Anaccidenenthappened.Thefirstbookcomeoutin2009.只含一个主谓结构的句子（有时是并列主语或并列谓语动词）叫简单句。主语+谓语(不及物动词）（+状语）主语+谓语（及物动词）
