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1、句子的构成句子成分主语谓语宾语表语宾补定语状语1.ImetmybestfriendTomatthestationyesterday.↓主语↓谓语↓定语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语㈠主语Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.Shewentoutinahurry.Fourplusfouriseight.Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisbadforhealth.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Whathehassaidistrue.㈡谓语简单谓语:
2、由动词或动词词组组成Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词;HecanspeakEnglishwell.㈢表语在系动词后的部分就是表语常见的系动词有:be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become,get,grow,come,goetc.系动词不用于被动语态.Theappletastes
3、sweet.Thewarwasover.Theyseemtoknowthetruth.Timeisprecious.I’mnotquitemyselftoday.Whowasthefirst?Heisoutofcondition.ThebookiswhatIneed.㈣宾语宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.Hegavemesomebooks.↓间接宾语↓直接宾语●.pleasepassmethebook.●.Heboughtmesomeflowers.●Ilikemyjob
4、.●Iloveyou.●Hewantedtoleavehere.●Theyenjoyedplayingcomputergames.㈤宾语补足语Ifoundthebookinteresting.Doyousmellsomethingburning?Hemadehimselfknowntothem.Sheaskedmetolendherahand.Pleasemakeyourselfathome.Pleasekeepthedogout.Wemustkeepitasecret.主动语态变成被动语态后,
5、宾语补足语变成主补.Ilastsawhimplayingneartheriver.→Hewaslastseenplayingneartheriver.Theteachercaughtthestudentcheatingintheexam→ThestudentwascaughtcheatingintheexamWemadehimmonitor.→Hewasmademonitor.Hepushedthedooropen.→Thedoorwaspushedopen.㈥定语Heisacleverboy.
6、Hisfatherworksinasteelwork.Thereare54studentsinourclass.Doyouknownbetty’ssister?Heboughtsomesleepingpills.Thereisasleepingbabyinbed.Hisspokenlanguageisgood.Imetafriendonmywayhome.(形容词)(名词)(数词)(名词的所有格)(动名词)(现在分词)(过去分词)(副词)Thegirlinredishissister.Wehav
7、ealotofworktodo.Thegirlstandingunderthetreeishisdaughter.Doyouknowthemanwhospokejustnow?Thereisnothinginterestinginthisbook.㈦状语用于修饰形容词,副词,动词,介词短语或句子.可表示时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方式,伴随,条件,程度,让步,频率等.Iwillbebackinawhile.Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecau
8、sehegotuplate.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.Iwaitedtoseeyou.Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.Thisbookisveryinteresting.Hewenttoschoolinspiteofhisillness.Healwayscomeslatetoschool.基本句型主语+系动词+表语（
