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1、外文科技资料翻译英文原文JSPapplicationframeworksWhatareapplicationframeworks:Aframeworkisareusable,semi-completeapplicationthatcanbespecializedtoproducecustomapplications.Likepeople,softwareapplicationsaremorealikethantheyaredifferent.Theyrunonthesamecomputers,expectinputfromthesamedevices,outputtot
2、hesamedisplays,andsavedatatothesameharddisks.Developersworkingonconventionaldesktopapplicationsareaccustomedtotoolkitsanddevelopmentenvironmentsthatleveragethesamenessbetweenapplications.Applicationframeworksbuildonthiscommongroundtoprovidedeveloperswithareusablestructurethatcanserveasth
3、efoundationfortheirownproducts.Aframeworkprovidesdeveloperswithasetofbackbonecomponentsthathavethefollowingcharacteristics:1.Theyareknowntoworkwellinotherapplications.2.Theyarereadytousewiththenextproject.3.Theycanalsobeusedbyotherteamsintheorganization.Frameworksaretheclassicbuild-versu
4、s-buyproposition.Ifyoubuildit,youwillunderstanditwhenyouaredone-buthowlongwillitbebeforeyoucanrollyourown?Ifyoubuyit,youwillhavetoclimbthelearningcurve-andhowlongisthatgoingtotake?Thereisnorightanswerhere,butmostobserverswouldagreethatframeworkssuchasStrutsprovideasignificantreturnoninve
5、stmentcomparedtostartingfromscratch,especiallyforlargerprojects.Othertypesofframeworks:Theideaofaframeworkappliesnotonlytoapplicationsbuttoapplicationcomponentsaswell.Throughoutthisarticle,weintroduceothertypesofframeworksthatyoucanusewithStruts.TheseincludetheLucenesearchengine,theScaff
6、oldtoolkit,theStrutsvalidator,andtheTilestaglibrary.Likeapplicationframeworks,thesetoolsprovidesemi-completeversionsofasubsystemthatcanbespecializedtoprovideacustomcomponent.Someframeworkshavebeenlinkedtoaproprietarydevelopmentenvironment.ThisisnotthecasewithStrutsoranyoftheotherframewor
7、ksshowninthisbook.YoucanuseanydevelopmentenvironmentwithStruts:VisualAgeforJava,JBuilder,-14-Eclipse,Emacs,andTextpadareallpopularchoicesamongStrutsdevelopers.IfyoucanuseitwithJava,youcanuseitwithStruts.Enablingtechnologies:ApplicationsdevelopedwithStrutsarebasedonanumber
