英语-就近原则&就远原则.doc

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1、(一)就近原则：1.Therebe句型Thereisabookandsomepencilsonthedesk.=Therearesomepencilsandabookonthedesk.2.neither...nor...Neitheryounorheisright.=Neitherhenoryouareright.3.either...or...EithertheyorJimisgoingtoShanghainextSaturday.=EitherJimortheyaregoingtoshanghainextSaturday.4.notonly...butalso...NotonlyAnnb

2、utalsoherparentsstayathomeeverySunday.=NotonlyAnn'sparentsbutalsoshestaysathomeeverySunday.【主谓一致现象】有一类连接词，其后的谓语动词要与连接词前一部分的主语保持一致。此类连接词有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,like,without,except(but),including等。例如：Tracy,likemanygirls,lovesdancing.特蕾西像很多女孩一样，喜欢跳舞。Allthestudents,includingTom,are

3、leaving.所有的学生，包括汤姆都走了。Nooneexcept(but)meknowsaboutthisnews.除了我没有人知道就远原则代表词汇：aswellas；（together/along）with；ratherthan；except；besides；but；including；inadditionto；apartfrom　　E.G：HeratherthanIisright.　　Nobodybuttwostudentsisintheclassroom.　　就远原则　　①Whathedoesorwhathesaysdoesnotconcernme.他的行为或言谈都与我无关。　　②Ne

4、itheryounorIamwrong.你和我都没错。　　③Notyoubutyourfatheristoblame.不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。　　④Notonlyyouhut(also)heiswrong.不仅你错了，他也错了。（二）邻近原则(Proximity)以either…or,or,neither…nor和notonly…butalso，whether…or；not…but;notonly…butalso等连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语最近的主语保持一致。如：Eitheryouorhehastogotherewithme.由there或here引起的主语，而又不止是一

5、个时，采取就近原则。如：Hereisapen,afewenvelopesandsomepaperforyou.在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。e.g.①Inthedistancewasheardtheclappingofhandsandtheshoutsofthepeople.在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。就远原则1.aswellas；2.(together/along）with；3.except;besides；4.but；5.including；6.inadditionto；7.apartfrom8.ratherthan；