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1、NIOSHManualofAnalyticalMethods(NMAM),5thEditionSamplingandcharacterizationofbioaerosolsbyWilliamG.Lindsley,BrettJ.Green,FrancoiseM.Blachere,StephenB.Martin,BrandonF.Law,PaulA.JensenandMillieP.Schafer,NIOSH1IntroductionBA-22PrinciplesofbioaerosolcollectionBA-53Devicesusedforbioaeroso
2、lsamplingBA-104ConsiderationsforbioaerosolsamplingBA-285SelectionofbioaerosolsamplersBA-366SamplepreparationforculturablebioaerosolsBA-397IdentificationofculturablebioaerosolsBA-428EnumerationofculturablebioaerosolsBA-469Sampleanalysismethodsfornon-viableandnon-culturablebioaerosols
3、BA-4910LimitationsofbioaerosolsamplingandcharacterizationBA-6211SafetyconsiderationsBA-6512ResourcesBA-6513ReferencesBA-6614Appendix1-Listofmanufacturers/distributorsofcommonbioaerosolsamplersandrelatedproductsBA-10115Appendix2–CommonlyusedbioaerosolsamplersBA-104DEPARTMENTOFHEALTHA
4、NDHUMANSERVICESCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionNationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealthSamplingandCharacterizationofBioaerosols1IntroductionBioaerosolsareairborneparticlesthatoriginatefrombiologicalsourcesincludinganimals,plants,fungi,bacteria,protozoa,andviruses.Example
5、sofbioaerosolsencounteredinoccupationalenvironmentsincludeplantpollen,algae,fungalspores,bacteriasuchasactinomycetes,dropletsproducedduringcoughingandsneezingthatmaycontainbacteriaandviruses,dustcontaininginsectexcreta,animaldander,andfragmentsderivedfromeachofthesesources.Bioaeroso
6、lsareubiquitousandcanbeisolatedfromindoor,outdoor,andoccupationalenvironmentsusingavarietyofmethodsthateitherenumerateviableoracollectionofviableandnon-viablebioaerosols.Photomicrographsofexampleviral,bacterial,fungal,andplantbioaerosolsarepresentedinFigure1.Bioaerosolmonitoringisar
7、apidlyemergingareaofindustrialhygieneduetotheimprovedanalysismethodssuchaspolymerasechainreaction(PCR)andtheimpactthatoccupationalexposuresmayhaveonworkerrespiratoryhealth,particularlyinmicrobialcontaminatedenvironments[Eduardetal.2012;EnvironmentAgency2009;Haigetal.2016;Hungetal.20
8、05;Macher1999;Morey