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1、考研英语（二）历年翻译真题2007年真题Poweringthegreatongoingchangesofourtimeistheriseofhumancreativityasthedefiningfeatureofeconomiclife.Creativityhascometobevalued,becausenewtechnologies,newindustriesandnewwealthflowfromit.Andasaresult,ourlivesandsocietyhavebeguntoechowithcreativeideas.Itisourcommitmentt
2、ocreativityinitsvarieddimensionsthatformstheunderlyingspiritofourage.Creativityisessentialtothewayweliveandworktoday,andinmanysensesalwayshasbeen.Thebigadvancesinstandardofliving—nottomentionthebigcompetitiveadvantagesinthemarketplace—alwayshavecomefrom“betterrecipes,notjustmorecooking.”O
3、nemightarguethat’snotstrictlytrue.Onemightpointout,forinstance,thatduringthelongperiodfromtheearlydaysontheIndustrialRevolutiontomoderntimes,muchofthegrowthinproductivityandmaterialwealthintheindustrialnationscamenotjustfromcreativeinventionslikethesteamengine,butfromthewidespreadapplicat
4、ionof“cookinginquantity”businessmethodslikemassivedivisionoflabor,concentrationofassets,verticalintegrationandeconomiesofscale.Butthosemethodsthemselveswerecreativedevelopments.2008年真题 Theterm“businessmodel”firstcameintowidespreadusewiththeinventionofpersonalcomputerandthespreadsheet(空白表格
5、程序).Beforethespreadsheet,businessplanningusuallymeantproducingasingleforecast.Atbest,youdidalittlesensitivityanalysisaroundtheprojection.Thespreadsheetusheredinamuchmoreanalyticapproachtoplanningbecauseeverymajorlineitemcouldbepulledapart,itscomponentsandsubcomponentsanalyzedandtested.You
6、couldaskwhatifquestionsaboutthecriticalassumptionsonwhichyourbusinessdepended-forexample,whatifcustomersaremoreprice-sensitivethanwethought?-andwithafewkeystrokes,youcouldseehowanychangewouldplayoutoneveryaspectofthewhole.Inotherwords,youcouldmodelthebehaviorofabusiness.Beforethecomputerc
7、hangedthenatureofbusinessplanning,mostsuccessfulbusinessmodelswerecreatedmorebyaccidentthanbyelaboratedesign.Byenablingcompaniestotietheirmarketplaceinsightsmuchmoretightlytotheresultingeconomics,spreadsheetmadeitpossibletomodelbusinessbeforetheywerelaunched.针对性教学：一
