非谓语动词作定语讲解及练习.doc

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1、非谓语动词作定语一．不定式作定语1.不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被thefirst/next/only/last等修饰的名词和其他一些名词、代词之后。其中，不定式的一般式通常表示的动作，完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作。例如：Sheisalwaysthefirst(one)tocomeandthelasttoleave.2.如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系，在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介词。例如：Let'sfirstfindaroomtolivein/toputthethingsin.Wehavenothingtoworryabout.(=Thereisn

2、othingforustoworryabout.)3.不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾语名词时,若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻辑主语,则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则，用被动式。（本结构是高考常考点）例如：Ihavealotofthingstodotoday.(I...do...things)Haveyougotanythingtosayatthemeeting?(you...say...anything)HereisalettertobetakentoMr.Li.在therebe句型中，有时用主动式或被动式意思不同。比较：Thereisnothingtodoatpresent.(

3、=Wehavenothingtodoatpresent.)Thereisnothingtobedoneatpresent.(=Wecandonothingatpresent.)二．-ing分词作定语1.单个的-ing分词作定语一般,说明名词的性质、特征或用途等；-ing短语作定语一般；强调动作的单个-ing分词也常后置。例如：asleepingcar(=acarforsleeping)asleepingchild(=achildwhoissleeping)theboystandingthere(=theboywhoisstandingthere)Thegirlsingingism

4、yclassmate.2.-ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作或是在说话时该动作，否则，要用从句作定语。例如：Doyouknowtheboytalking(=whoistalking)totheteacher?Didyounoticetheboysitting(=whowassitting)atthisdeskyesterday?Themanshaking(=whoisnowshaking)handswithMr.Livisitedourclassyesterday.比较：误：Heisthemanvisitingourclassyesterday.正：Heist

5、hemanwhovisitedourclassyesterday.三．-ed分词作定语1.-ed分词作定语一般表示一个动作，-in分词表示一个动作,-ing分词的被动式则表示一个的动作。例如：adeveloped/developingcountryHeisastudentlovedbyalltheteachers.ThebuildingbeingbuiltwillbethethirdTeachingBuildingofourschool.1.像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。例如：Thestudents,wearingtheirschoo

6、luniforms,marchedintotheplayground.Thesubstance,discoveredalmostbyaccident,hasgreatlychangedtheworld.非谓语动词做定语1.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone______firstisthelibrary.A.repaired         B.beingrepaired      C.repairing      D.toberepaired2.I'mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition_____

7、___ inyesterday'sChinaDaily.A.advertised     B.tobeadvertised    C.advertising        D.havingadvertised3.Aftershecompletestheproject,she’llhave________.A.nothingtoworryabout　　B.nothingtoworryC.nothingtobeworriedaboutD.nothingworryingabout4.H