人体主要器官前缀医学英语.docx

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1、1．人体主要器官前缀 名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例 心heartcardiao-cardialcardium/carditis/cardiology 脑brainencepholo-cerebralcerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology 肺lungpulmo-pulmonarypulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology 肝liverhepato-hepatichepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology 胃sto

2、machgastro-gastricgastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology 胆gallbladderchole-biliaryholecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy 肠intestineentero-intestinalenteritis/enterectomy/enterology 脾spleensplen-splenicsplenitis/splenectomy/splenology 胰pancreaspancreato

3、-pancreaticpancreatitis/pancreatectomy 肾kidneynephro-renal/nephricnephritis/nephropathy/nephrology 2．2．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀 名称通用名前（后）缀示例 血bloodhemo-/hematohematology/hemoglobin/hematoma 血管vesselvaso-vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular 静脉veinveno-veno

4、graphy/intravenous/venoconstriction 动脉arteryarterio-arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis 肌musclemyo-mycology/myositis/myocarditis 髓marrowmyel-/myelo-myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma 神经nerveneur-/neyro-neurology/neuritis/neuron 细胞cellcyto-/-cytecytology/cyto

5、ma/leukocyte 尿urineuro-/ur-urology/urosurgery/urogenital 体bodysomato-/somesomatology/somatopsychic/chromosome 3．4．与数字有关的前缀 数字前缀示例 一（单）mono-/uni-monomer/monoclone/carbonmonoxide/unidirectional 二bi-/di-bilateral/biphasiccarbondioxide/dipeptide 三tri-trilat

6、eral/triphasic/trigeminalnerve 四tetra-tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia 五penta-pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride 六hexa-hexachromic/benzenehexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund 七hepta-heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent 八octa-octahedral/octalsystem 九non

7、a-nonapeptide/nonagon 十deca-decade/decagram/decaliter 注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptide gastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoicacid（十八烷酸） 5．4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀 颜色通用名前缀示例 色colorchrom-/chromo-chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer 红rederythro-erythro

8、cyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer 白whiteleuko-leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira 黑blackmelano-melena/melanoma/melanoderma 黄yellowxantho-xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma 蓝bluecyan-/cyanocyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia 紫violet/purple 绿green 棕