材料概论 双语玻 玻璃.ppt

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1、B10010605刘钟霞TheglasssciencesTheworldofglassPreparationofglassStructureandpropertiesofGlassesApplicationsofglassRecentTopicsOfOptoelectronicsmaterials(光电材料)Contents：WeareliveintheworldofglassesCanyoucounthowmanythingsinouraroundthataremadefromglass?4.1TheWorldofGlassesGlasswa

2、llGlassartreagentbottleGlasskettle4.1.1NaturalGlassesThevolcanicoutflow(火山喷发)ofthemoltenmagma(岩浆)getcooledandformglasses.Naturalglass(1)Naturalglass(2)Impactites(击变岩)arenaturalglassesformedfromcrystallinematerialsrenderedamorphousbytheshockofmeteoric(陨石)impact.Glassesformedf

3、romimpactedmeltsareknownastektites(玻陨石).4.1.2GlassesinModernTimeSheetglass:afewmminthicknessGlassfibers:byextrudingmeltsthroughmetalorificesandrolledontolargediameterspindlesoraregatheredas(fibrous)glass-wool.Useofglassfibers:AsinsulatingmaterialsForinformationtransmissionPl

4、ateglass:byafloatprocesswheremeltsaremadetosettleandfreezeonmoltentinpools,whichprovideopticallysmoothandparallelsurfaces.Colorglass:byaddingoxidesorhalidesandmadetochangetheircolor.Temperedglass(钢化玻璃)Heatedonbothsidesandcooledrapidlywithastreamofair.Thiscausestheoutsidetoco

5、mpressrapidlyandplacetensionontheinsideoftheglass.Approximatelyfourtimesstrongerthanuntemperedglass.Breaksinsmallpieces.Usedforcarwindows,showerdoors,windowsinpublicbuildings.Laminatedglass(夹层玻璃)Madebyplacingapieceofplasticbetweentwolayersofglass.Mainuseisforwindshieldsandbu

6、lletproofglass.ContainerglassBlownat600–800celsius.ContainverylittleironRefractiveindexcanvaryfromtoptobottomofbottle.AnnealingwillraisetherefractiveindexOtherglassesOxideglassesChalcogenideGlassesThioborateglasses(B2S3)Halideglasses(BeF2,ZnCl2etc.)Heavymetalfluorideglasses(

7、ZrF4)Oxy-halideglassesOxynitrideglassesMetallicglassesGlass-likeCarbon4.1.3DifferentTypesOfGlassesOxideglassSilicaandSilicateglassesB2O3andborateglassesGeO2andGermanateglassesP2O5AndphosphateglassesComplexoxideglassesMorethan90%oftheglassinuseisbasedonoxidesandinp

8、articularsilica.4.2PreparationTechnologiesofGlassesSpeaker:吕金建B10010624Prep