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时间:2020-03-25
《水轮机流道非恒定流对过机鱼体影响研究.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、水利水电技术第48卷2017年第2期水轮机流道非恒定流对过机鱼体影响研究张洋1,王煜1,戴会超1,2(1.三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002;2.河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098)摘要:基于鱼类借助水轮机流道下行过坝时成活率较低的背景,在利用视频分析技术捕捉草鱼幼鱼通过模型轴流式水轮机下行典型路径的基础上,结合CFD数值模拟技术对水轮机流道非恒定流对过机鱼体的影响进行深入研究。结果表明,水轮机过渡过程中导叶关闭时间与过机鱼体的损伤概率有一定的相关性。随着水轮机导叶关闭时间的延长,鱼体通过水
2、轮机下行的受压力损伤概率降低,但受压力梯度损伤的概率增加。综合比较压力及压力梯度对过机鱼体的损伤影响,表明:导叶关闭时间延长会增加对过机鱼体造成损伤的概率。因此,对于水轮机流道有过鱼需求的水电站,在不影响稳定运行的条件下,为保护鱼体安全过机,应适当降低导叶关闭时间。研究结论可对减小过机鱼体损伤概率的水轮机优化运行提供一定参考。关键词:水轮机;水力机械;非恒定流;cFD数值模拟;草鱼幼鱼;试验doi:10.13928“.cnki.wrahe.2017.02.016中图分类号:Tvl36文献标识码:B文章编号:1
3、000.0860(2叭7)02—0089一08Impactftomunsteadynowinnowpassageon6shpassingthroughturbineZHANGYan91,WANGYul,DAIHuicha01'2(1.CollegeofHydraulicandEnvimnmentalEngineering,ThreeGorgesUniversity,Yichang443002,Hubei,China;2.CoUege0fWaterConservancyandHydropowerEngineer
4、ing,HohaiUniversity,Nanjing210098,Jiangsu,China)Abstract:Inaccordancewiththebackgroundofthatthesun,ivalrateofthefishpassingoverdamthroughthenowpassageoftur—bineis10wer,theimpactf}omtheunsteadynowinthenowpassageonfishpassingthmughturbineisdeepIystudiedherein
5、incombinationwithCFDnumericalsimulationtechn0109yonthebasisoftrailingthetypicaldownwardrouteofthejuvenilegrasscarppassingthroughamodelKaplanturbinewiththerelevantvideoanalysistechnique.Theresultshowsthattheguidevaneclosingtimeduringthetransientprocessofhydr
6、aulicturbineiscorrelativetothedamageprobabilityofthefishpassingthmughturbinetosomeextent.Alongwiththeextensionoftheguidevaneclosingtime,thedamageprobabilityofthefishpassingdownwardthroughturbinecausedbypressureistobedecreased,butthepmbabilityofthedamagecaus
7、edbypressuregradientistobein—creased.Withacomprehensivecomparisonmadeontheimpactsfromboththepressureandthepressure铲adientonthedamageofthenshpassingthroughturbine,itisindicatedthattheextensionoftheguidevaneclosingtimeistoincreasethepIDbabilityofdamageofthe6s
8、hpassingthroughturbine.Therefore,forthehydmpowerstationsthosearenecessarytomeetthedemandfiom6shpassingthroughturbine,theguidevaneclosingtimemustbeproperlydecreasedfbrprotecting6shsafblypassingthmughtur
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