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1、语法—名词性从句之宾语从句英语句子的种类简单句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)复合句(complexsentence)英语句子概论简单句的五种基本句型Theweatherisverycold.主语+谓语(连系动词)+表语Helaughed.主语+谓语(vi.)IlikeChinesefood.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语Shetaughtthemphysics.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语Wemustkeeptheroomwarm.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾语补足语
2、并列句把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来。IturnedontheTV.MysisterandIwatchedit.IturnedontheTVandmysisterandIwatchedit.Iboughtmysisterapresent.Shedidn’tlikeit.Iboughtmysisterapresent,butshedidn’tlikeit.并列句并列句常用并列连词:平行并列连词:转折并列连词:因果并列连词:选择并列连词:and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…norb
3、ut,however,while,yet,or,either…orfor,so复合句:主句+从句名词性从句定语从句状语从句1.TheboywhoisstandingoverthereisTom2.Becauseitisraining,wehavetostayathome定语从句状语从句3.Iknow(that)heisfromAmerica(宾语从句)名词性从句---NounClauses(名词性从句)SubjectClause(主语从句)AppositiveClause(同位语从句)ObjectClause(宾语从句)
4、PredicativeClause(表语从句)名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。主语{Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.表语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.{宾语Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位语Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateache
5、r.Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主语从句宾语从句表语从句名词性从句的作用相当于名词,因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。同位语从句宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v
6、.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:从属连词:that(that常可省略),whether,if连接代词:who,whose,what,which,whom,whatever,whoever等连接副词:when,where,how,why等。Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语谓语宾语(简单句)主语谓语宾语从句连词从句主语从句谓语主句(复合句)宾语从句的概念:宾语从句在复合句中作主句
7、的宾语。句子结构:主句+连词(引导词)+宾语从句1)主句的谓语动词可以是及物动词:2)如果主句的谓语动词是一个带有介词的词组,那么后接的从句做介词宾语从句。3)有些形容词后也可以带有宾语从句。I’mafraid(that)hewon’tpasstheexam.Hewonderedifhecouldpasstheexam.Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertheycanpasstheexam.注意:动词+副词形成的谓语动词词组后也可以带宾语从句。一、从属连词1.当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句),
8、连词由that引导,因为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略LinTaoknows(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.(肯)Shesays(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.(否)Jim