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1、非谓语动词的句法功能一作主语A.不定式Toseeistobelieve.(强调具体行动更强调一次性)B.–ingSeeingisbelieving.眼见为实(一般行为)C.the+过去分词表一类人Theinjuredweresenttohospital.常用不定式的惯用句1.Itis+adj.+todostheg:Itisnotsafetodrinkthepollutedwater.Itis+adj.+ofsbtodosthforsbtodostheg:Itiskindofhimtohelp.(
2、Heiskind.)Itisimpossibleforhimtohelpus.(Heisimpossible.x)2.Itisa/an+n(crime,mistake,pity,shame,goodidea)+todostheg:Itisanoffencetotakephotoshere.3.Ittakes+…todostheg:Itwouldtakeyearstorebuildthecastle.常用不定式的惯用句常用-ing的惯用句1.Itisnouse/goodwaitingforhim.
3、2.Mysister’sfallingillworriedmymothergreatly.逻辑主语形容词性物主代词名词所有格二 作表语Ａ.不定式说明主语的内容表具体某次动作或即将发生的动作．1.Myhobbyistocollectoldcoins.The“to”isoptionalinsentencessuchas:Theonlythingtodo/wecandois(to)writetohim.Allwecandoistowritetohim.2.OuraimistobuildChinaint
4、oapowerful,modernsocialistcountry.Ｂ.–ing主语常是表示事物或动作的名词－说明主语的内容（动名词）HerjobisteachingEnglish.主语常是表示事物的名词－表示主语所具有的特征（现在分词）Thenewsisexciting.Ｃ.过去分词－表示主语所处的状态主语常是表示人的名词Iammarried.三 作宾语Ａ.不定式某些动词后面要接不定式作宾语:intend,decide,wish,want,refuse,promise等注意：help(to)d
5、osth在expect,mean,intend,want,like,prefer,hate等之后+theretobeeg:Peopledon’twanttheretobeanotherwar.B.–ing1.某些动词后要接–ing作宾语：admit,avoid,dislike,mind,finish,practise,enjoy,imagine,suggest,feellike,can’thelp,delay,consider,etcWedon’tmindhimexplainingtheprob
6、lemagain.（逻辑主语常由名词或代词也可用名词所有格形容词性物主代词）2.某些介词词组之后：befondof,lookforwardto,besorryfor,what/howabout,insiston,havedifficultyin,befor/against,beinterestedin,without,giveup,keepon两种形式都可以但意义不同remembertodosthforgettodosthrememberdoingsthforgetdoingsthmeantod
7、osthtrytodosthmeandoingsthtrydoingsthstoptodosthgoontodosthstopdoingsthgoondoingsthregrettodosthbeafraidtodosthregretdoingsthbeafraidofdoingsth两种形式意义相同但用法不同start/begintododoingsth(1.动词表心理活动,如realize,understand等用不定式；2.begin与start的进行时态后只接不定式；3.主语为无生命物用
8、不定式Itbegantothunder)need*sth.requiredoing/tobedonewantsth.主语（表物）*beworthdoing常用不定式的惯用语：①Wethinkitimpossibletofinishtheworksosoon.形式宾语(常见动词：believe,consider,find,discover)②动词（ask,decide,discover,findout,forget,know,learn,show,wonder等）+how/what/when等疑问
