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1、..高中英语语法专题讲解专题二、同位语从句一、同位语从句概述同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句,常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有:belief,chance,doubt,hope,idea,news,opinion,thought,promise等。引导同位语从句的词有连词that,whether和副词how,when,where等。二、同位语从句(1)同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时,用连词that引导。注:that在从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接作用,通常不省略。eg:Igotthenewsthathewou
2、ldcometoseemethenextweek.(2)同位语从句是疑问句时,应根据语境选用who,when,where,how,whether(不能用if)等词来引导。eg:Thequestionwhoisthebestforthejobrequiresconsideration.(3)分隔式同位语从句:当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时,为了使句子保持平衡,常把同位语从句后置。eg:Anideacametohimthathecouldbuyheradiamondring.(4)后面常跟同位语的词有:doubt,fa
3、ct,hope,idea,message,news,possibility,promise,question,suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish等。●注:advice,order,suggestion等词表示建议、命令的词后的同位语从句中的谓语动词须用(should)+动词原形eg:Hemadethesuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别(1)所表达的内容不同:同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面,但同
4、位语从句是对该名词的解释和说明,而定语从句是对该名词的修饰,说明它的性质特征。eg:Thefactthathepresentedwasastrongproof.Thefactthatshehadn’tsaidanythingsurprisedusall.(2)在句中所起的语法作用不同:..下载可编辑....引导定语从句的that是关系代词,它的作用是连接主句和从句,并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成分,而且that作宾语时可省略,指物时,可以用which代替。引导同位语从句的that是连词,只起连接主句和从句的作用,它不充当
5、任何成分,不能省略,也不可被which代替eg:WeexpressedthehopethatMrandMrsSmithwouldcometovisitChinathenextyear.Thenewsthatweheardspreadalloverthecity.(3)所修饰的词不尽相同:同位语从句所修饰的名词数量有限,往往是含有某种信息的词,如:message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion,order,belief,doubt
6、,fear,truth,throught等,而定语从句修饰的先行词无此限制。(4)wh-引导词引导同位语从句时,有其本身的疑问含义;引导定语从句时则没有疑问的意思。eg:Ihavenoideawherethemeetingwillbeheld.HeistheonlyoneoftheseboyswhocanspeakFranch.◆跟踪练习:1、Thereisnoobviousevidence_____thereislifeonanyotherplanetinthesolarsystem.A.whichB.thatC.ho
7、wD.where2、Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,_____wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it3、Manychildren,_____parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.A.theirB.whoseC.ofthemD.withwhom4、ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave_____couldbelife’s
8、mostimportantdecision—marriage---almostentirelyuptoluck.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what定语从句及同位语从句专项训练[]1.Thatis_____hesaid.A.allwhatB.allwhichC.allthatD.allwhich[]2.Th