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1、WhyLongwallinIndiahasnotSucceededasinotherDevelopingCountryLikeChinaProfAKGhoseAbstractOftheglobalhardcoalproductionofsome3300milliontonnesduring2000-2001,Chinaheadedtheleaguetablewithaproductionof970milliontonnes,andwithaproductionlevelof320milliontonnesIndiarankedthird.Bothofth
2、esedevelopingnationshavelargeresourceendowmentinbituminouscoal,theprovedrecoverablereservesatend1999stoodat114500milliontonnesinChinaandat84396milliontonnesinIndiaaccordingtoSurveyofEnergyResources2001oftheWorldEnergyCouncil1.Coaloccupiesthecentre-stageintheenergyeconomyofboththe
3、nations,coalhasashareof75%oftheconsumptionofprimaryenergyinChinawhileinIndiatheshareofcoalisaround64%inthecunentmixofcommercialenergy2・However,anycomparisonbetweenthetechnologylevelsofthetwogiantnationsincoalproductionwouldperhapsbeinvidious,dictatedasthesearebyawholehostofimpond
4、erablesincludingthesite-specificconditionsoftheresourceendowment,differingthrustsofnationalpolicyandthesocio-culturalandpoliticalmilieu.Undergroundcoalmininghasapredominantshareofsome94%ofChinesecoalproduction,whileinIndiatheshareisonly21%.Toexamineandanalyzethepalpablereasonsfor
5、notsosuccessfulapplicationofLongwalltechnologyinIndiavis-a-visChina,oneneedstoexaminethechronologicalevolutionofthetechnologyinthetwonations,appraisethetechnogenesisofLongwalltechnologyinboththecountriesandthenhomeinonthecontributoiyfactors.Thispaperattemptsaforayinunravellingthe
6、reasonsfullycognizantofthefactthatanyposthocanalysis,asofdate,canonlyoutlineahypothesisofthemultitudeofreasonsbehindtheapparentfailureofLongwalltechnologyinIndiaduetosubjectiveinterpretationandperceptionoftheissuesinvolved・Itisalsonotalwayspossibletoreflectbyhindsightonthecompuls
7、ionsoftheplanner/decision-makerinchoosingaspecificstrategyatanygivenpointoftime・Bethatasitmay,weexaminehereonabroadcanvasstheremarkablesagaofgrowthinLongwalltechnologyinChinaandtheapparentunder-performanceofLongwallinIndia.KeywordsLongwall,Geotechnology,Moonidihcolliery,Coalseams
8、LONGWALLTECHNOLOGY—GENESISANDEVOLUTIONTh
