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时间:2020-03-21
《一种快速高效溶解粗金属铑的新技术.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、2014年11月贵金属Nov.2014第35卷第S1期PreciousMetalsVo1.35,No.S1ANovelTechnologyforRapidandEficientDissolutionofMetallicRhodiumLIUShijie,GUHuaxiang,WANGYunhua(StateKeyLaboratoryofAdvancedTechnologiesforComprehensiveUtilizationofPlatinumMetals,KunmingInstituteofPreciousMetals,Kunming650106,China)Abstract:
2、Therapidandeft]cientdissolutionofmetallicRhorRh-basealloyscrapswasrecognizedasadificulttechnicalprobleminthecircleofplatinumgroupmetals.Generally,themethodstodissolvethesescrapsincludethehigh·temperaturechlorination,fragmentationthroughalloyingwithA1,andmeltingwithNanSO4,whichpossessaseriesofd
3、isadvantages,suchaslowerdissolutionpercentage(usually,lessthan30%foronetimedissolution),longerperiod,seriousenvironmentalpollutionandlargerconsumptionofenergyandchemicals.Thespecialcrystalstructure,whichischemicalinert,onthesurfaceofmetalsandsomekindsofinertoxidesformedonthesurfacemaybetheseas
4、onsforthedificultdissolutionofcrudeRhorRh.basealloyscraDS.Anewprocessforrapidandeficientdissolutionofcruderhodiumwasintroducedinthispaper.Itconsistsof①changingchemicalreactionactivationofpreciousmetalsbysmeltingmareandactivatedmetals;②separatingbasemetalsthroughaciddissolutionandthenfiltration
5、;⑧dissolvingofRhbvdirectlyadditionofsolidoxidantsinHClsolution.TheRhdissolutionpercentageofmorethen99%foronetimedissolutioncouldbereachedin24-48hours.TheconcentrationofRhinthesolutionofbasemetalswaslessthan0.0005g/L.Thismethodisnoteforitsrapidandeficient,moresimples,lessconsumptionofenergyandc
6、hemicalreagentsandfriendlyenvironment.TherecoveryratioofRhforthewholeprocesswas>99%.Keywords:metallurgicaltechnologies;platinumgroupmetals;dissolutionOfRhorRh-basealloyCIFnumber:TF837Documentcode:AArticleID:1004.0676(2014)S1-0001.O6一种快速高效溶解粗金属铑的新技术刘时杰,顾华祥,汪云华(昆明贵金属研究所稀贵金属综合利用新技术国家重点实验室)摘要:高效快速
7、的溶解金属铑或铑基合金废料,一直是铂族金属台金中人们公认的技术难题。通常使用的高温氯化,熔铝碎化,NaHSO4熔融等方法,有一次溶解率很低(一般不到30%),需反复多次处理,周期很长,金属损失大,环境污染严重,能源及试剂消耗大等缺点。金属表面呈化学惰性的结晶结构及可能形成某种惰性氧化物,是难溶的原因。针对粗金属铑(含Rh85.78%)研究了高效快速溶解的新技术:①用熔锍及活性金属转态活化:②酸溶及过滤分离贱金属溶液:③HC1溶液中直接加固体氧化剂溶解铑。在较短周期(2
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